美国粗大动作发展测试(TGMD)解析与启示  

Analysis and Enlightenment of American Test of Gross Motor Development

作　　者：李博[1] 刁玉翠[2] 李静[2] 洪金涛 孙建刚 刘阳[1,5] LI Bo;DIAO Yucui;LI Jing;HONG Jintao;SUN Jiangang;LIU Yang(School of Physical Education and Sport Training,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438;School of Physical Education,Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong 250358;Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science(Shanghai Anti-Doping Agency),Shanghai 200030;School of Physical Education,West Anhui University,Luan Anhui 237012;Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents,Shanghai 200438)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]山东师范大学体育学院,山东济南250358 [3]上海体育科学研究所(上海市反兴奋剂中心),上海200030 [4]皖西学院体育学院,安徽六安237012 [5]上海市学生体质健康研究中心,上海200438

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2021年第2期58-64,共7页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：国家社科基金“体育活动对幼儿基本动作技能及体质健康促进的实证研究”(19BTY077)。

摘　　要：基于测评体系应用的视角对美国粗大动作发展测试(Test of Gross Motor Development,TGMD)的产生发展背景、测量和评价系统、信效度、优缺点以及应用情况等方面开展研究,旨在促进我国儿童动作发展研究的开展。结果显示:TGMD的产生和发展具有特定的社会和学术背景;经过30年的发展,TGMD系列已经成为当前世界上应用最广泛的儿童粗大动作技能测评工具,被广泛应用的原因在于该测评体系的高度标准化。但TGMD存在着诸如指标适用性、过程性评价弊端等缺点,这需要引起使用者们的注意。文章通过对TGMD系列的解读分析,结合该测试目前在我国的应用现状,从思路和方法上提出对我国儿童动作发展研究的启示。Based on the perspective of applying evaluation systems,this paper conducted a research on the Test of Gross Motor Development(TGMD)in the United States,including its development background,measurement and evaluation system,reliability,advantages and disadvantages,and application to promote the research on children’s movement developmentin China.The results show that the origin and development of TGMD has a specific social and academic background;after 30 years of development,the TGMD series has become the most widely used assessment tool for children’s gross motor skills in the world for it has been highly standardized.While TGMD has shortcomings in indicator applicabilityand process evaluation,which deserve users’attention.By interpreting the TGMD series and the Chinese translation of the latest version of the scoring table,this present paper,with reference to its application situation in China,makes some enlightenment for the study on children’s movement development in China interms of both perspective and method.

关 键 词：粗大动作发展测试 经典测量理论 常模参照评价 儿童 终身体育 基本运动技能 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]