钻井废弃物对黄土区谷子和高粱产量和品质的影响  

Effect of Drilling Wastes on Yield and Quality of Millet and Sorghum in Loess Plateau

作　　者：翟文晰 郝明德[1,2] 王哲[2] 张荣耀 任鹏 ZHAI Wenxi;HAO Mingde;WANG Zhe;ZHANG Rongyao;REN Peng(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;The Second Gas Production Plant,PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710200,China;Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710200,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]长庆油田分公司第二采气厂,陕西西安710200 [4]长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710200

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2021年第2期66-70,共5页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：腐植酸+农业生态空间治理关键技术集成与高质量发展示范研究[20SFSF0016];腐植酸功能性材料在改土治沙关键集成技术上的应用与示范[2020NY-169];煤炭产业转型升级与腐植酸产业发展关键技术研究[2019-166];油田压裂返排液资源化利用关键技术与生态化建设示范研究[2020SF—416]。

摘　　要：为了探明钻井废弃物处置场地对其上作物生长的利弊,将长庆油田钻井废弃物回填法处理后井场生长的谷子和高粱作为研究对象,研究钻井废弃物对谷子和高粱产量、重金属含量、作物品质和氨基酸的影响。结果表明,钻井废弃物处理场上生长的谷子和高粱Pb、Cd、Cr、As和Hg等重金属含量处于安全范围内;与对照相比,钻井废弃物生长谷子和高粱产量增加明显,谷子产量增加了585 kg·hm^(-2),高粱产量增加了900 kg·hm^(-2)。与对照相比,对谷子和高粱品质提升较小钻井废弃物对谷子和高粱必需和非必需氨基酸均有增加作用,但增加效果不明显。两种作物的必须氨基酸中的赖氨酸含量增加较多,非必需氨基酸中天冬氨酸和谷氨酸增加较多。因此,本试验中钻井废弃物可以明显的增加作物产量,对作物氨基酸含量增加较小,重金属未超标,符合安全标准。To investigate the advantages and disadvantages of drilling wastes to crops growth on wastes disposal sites,the drilling wastes were backfilled in Changqing Oilfield,the millet and sorghum grown on the well sites were used as the research object to study the effect of the drilling wastes on millet and sorghum yield,heavy metal content,crop quality and amino acids.The results showed that the content of heavy metals such as Pb,Cd,Cr,As and Hg in millet and sorghum grown on the drilling wastes disposal sites stayed in a safe range;Compared with the control,the output of millet and sorghum grown from drilling wastes increased significantly,the yield of millet increased by 585 kg·hm^(-2),and the yield of sorghum increased by 900 kg·hm^(-2).Compared with the control,the quality improvement of millet and sorghum was less.Drilling wastes increased the essential and non-essential amino acids of millet and sorghum,but it was not obvious.The content of lysine in the essential amino acids of the two crops increased much,and the aspartic acid and glutamic acid in the non-essential amino acids increased much,too.Therefore,the drilling wastes in this experiment can significantly increase crop yields,but the crop amino acid content increases little,the heavy metals don’t exceed the standard and meet safety standards.

关 键 词：钻井废弃物 谷子 高粱 产量 品质 重金属 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学] S515