植物无融合生殖发生因素解析及其在草地早熟禾育种中的应用前景展望  

Factors inducing plant apomixis and its potential application in Kentucky bluegrass breeding

作　　者：张金青 牛奎举 李玉珠[1] 马晖玲[1] ZHANG Jin-qing;NIU Kui-ju;LI Yu-zhu;MA Hui-ling(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Sino-U.S.Center for Grassland Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业学报》2021年第4期205-217,共13页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760699)资助。

摘　　要：从遗传控制、环境影响、倍性影响、激素水平和矿物质调控以及无孢子起始细胞出现的时间和位置5个方面综述了影响植物无融合生殖胚发生发育的主要因素,旨在系统了解植物无融合生殖的发生机理。同时分析了草地早熟禾无融合生殖研究的现状和制约瓶颈,阐释和展望了无融合生殖方式在草地早熟禾育种中的优势所在、理论与应用价值和种质创制前景,使之为后续草地早熟禾优良新品种的选育和应用实践提供理论依据。The main factors affecting the development of apomictic embryogenesis in plants are summarized from five perspectives:genetic control,environmental impact,ploidy implications,hormone levels and mineral regulation,and the timing and location of the aposporous initiation cell.The purpose of this review is to develop a systematic understanding of the mechanism of apomixis in plants.In particular,research on apomixis in Poa pratensis is reviewed,factors limiting its occurrence are identified,theoretical advantages of its application are evaluated,and prospects for the use of apomixis in P.pratensis breeding and new germplasm creation are explored.This study provides a theoretical basis for the breeding and development of new varieties of P.pratensis.

关 键 词：无融合生殖 遗传控制 多倍体 无孢子起始细胞 草地早熟禾 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]