流动的母职:乡城迁移中的母职协商  

Juggling Motherhood:Renegotiating Mothering in Rural-to-Urban Migration in China

作　　者：肖索未 汤超萍 XIAO Suo-wei;TANG Chao-ping(School of Sociology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Mega-Data Centre in Xinzhou District of Wuhan,Wuhan 430400,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学社会学院,北京100875 [2]武汉市新洲区大数据中心,湖北武汉430400

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2021年第2期66-83,共18页Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“新时期北京城市家庭家政服务的需求、挑战与应对”(项目编号:19SRB005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本研究通过对北京家政女工的深度访谈和田野调查,考察了乡城迁移女性的母职认知与实践。文章指出乡城迁移家政女工的母职认知具有双重面向——经济供养与生活照料。经济供养构成了她们母职的重要部分,而生活照料依然是具有道德和情感压力的母职内容。这种母职认知的双重性,挑战了以抚育为第一要义的母职界定,开启了在二者之间进行权宜性转换的可能。在具体实践中,乡城迁移家政女工采取各种策略进行应对,不仅通过现代通信手段进行"远程照料",而且通过"阶段性迁移"来弥合母职双重面向之间的张力。本研究凸显了母职作为意识形态和作为实践之间的差异,并为探究中下层女性母职协商的复杂性提供了启示。Drawing upon interviews and participant observation of migrant domestic workers in Beijing,this article examines the perceptions and practices of motherhood and mothering among rural-to-urban migrant women in China.It argues that migrant domestic workers perceive their roles as mothers in two aspects,economic provision and everyday care.While economic provision dominates as a major concern among these women,they feel that care provision still occupy their minds and make them feel obligated and emotionally pressured.These two aspects of motherhood challenges the priority of nurturance in the mainstream definition of mothering and makes it possible for these women to alternate their involvement between the two aspects within their particular situations.Migrant domestic workers adopt various strategies to juggle between economic provisions and care provision and reconcile the tensions between the two,including"long-distance mothering"and"intermittent migration".These findings that have demonstrated gaps between motherhood and mothering,either as an ideology or as practice,shed light on the complexity of their efforts at renegotiating motherhood among lower-class migrant women in China.

关 键 词：乡城迁移 母职实践 母职协商 

分 类 号：C913.11[经济管理]