英语二语阅读过程中词汇与文本整合的眼动研究  

An Eye Movement Study on Word-Text Integration in Chinese ESL Readers

作　　者：官群 李一菲 李新国 GUAN Qun;LI Yi-fei;LI Xin-guo

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学外国语学部,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学外国语学院,北京100083 [3]北京联合大学生物化学工程学院,北京100023

出　　处：《解放军外国语学院学报》2021年第1期19-26,159,共9页Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于语言分布式模型的具身语义数据库-语料库-词汇学习关联机制AI系统”(62077011);国家社会科学基金项目“中学生英语学习困难的脑机制研究”(BBA180075);国家社会科学基金项目“中英文认知与教育具身协同论”(19FJKB010);北京市哲学社会科学基金重点项目“中英双语者语音习得的统计学习规律之反拨优势效应”(18YYA001)。

摘　　要：成功的阅读者会将读取的词汇信息与文本和知识表征进行整合。本研究针对英语二语阅读设计了眼动实验研究文本特征和个体差异如何影响阅读者的整合过程。文本特征是影响眼动各指标实时词汇与文本整合难易程度的4个指代条件(直接、转换、推论和控制),个体差异特征区分了二语者的工作记忆能力。针对整合焦点,即目标词(如the explosion)区域的眼动指标(平均首次注视时间、凝视时间)以及阅读实时整合的指标(凝视时间、跳读率和回视时间)验证了显著的文本即时整合效应,证明直接指代和转换指代是文本整合实时加工的满足性文本特征。此外,高工作记忆的二语阅读者能对较难实时词汇与文本整合的推论文本产生实时激活机制,说明工作记忆容量是文本阅读的中介变量,是影响词汇与文本整合效果的关键性个体差异。Successful readers will integrate word information with text and knowledge representation.How is this integration mechanism influenced by textual features(e.g.the ease of integration)and individual differences(readers’level of working memory)?In response to the two alternative hypotheses in word-text integration,this study designs an eye movement experiment to better explore the two hypotheses of information processing theory(Wait-and-See Hypothesis and the Immediate Integration Hypothesis).The textual characteristics of the experimental material are four conditions(direct,conversion,inference,and control),which affect the ease of eye movement integration.The individual differences in the characteristics of the experiment distinguish the subjects’working memory ability(high and low).For integrated keywords(such as"the explosion"),two indicators of reading specific regions(average first fixation duration,gaze duration)and three indicators of online integration(gaze duration,skipping probability,and regression path reading time)reveal obvious text immediate integration effect.This shows that direct reference and conversion reference are necessary conditions for the textual processing of the textual integration.The Chinese English L2 readers with high working memory can generate a real-time activation mechanism for the inference condition,which is more difficult for real-time vocabulary and text integration.This result implicates that working memory capacity is a mediate variable for text reading and a key individual difference factor that affects word-text integration.

关 键 词：词汇与文本整合 眼动技术 工作记忆 即时整合 英语二语阅读 

分 类 号：H319.3[语言文字—英语]