西南贫困地区农户生活垃圾治理支付意愿研究  

Rural households′ willingness to pay for treatment of domestic solid wastes in the southwestern poverty regions

作　　者：朱凯宁 高清 靳乐山[1] ZHU Kaining;GAO Qing;JIN Leshan(College of Humanities and Development Studies,China Agricultural University,China Eco-Compensation PolicyResearch Center,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院,中国生态补偿政策研究中心,北京100193

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2021年第4期54-62,共9页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(18ZDA048);国家社会科学基金项目(19BJY044)资助。

摘　　要：聚焦贫困地区开展农村生活垃圾治理研究对打好污染防治攻坚战具有重要意义。以云南省渔洞水库汇水区465个调查数据为样本,运用条件价值评估法(CVM)对农户生活垃圾治理支付意愿(WTP)及影响因素进行研究。研究发现:1)在448位受访者中,有404位愿意为生活垃圾治理付费。样本农户支付意愿为36.257元/年/户,而调研地大部分村庄实际收费标准远高于此。这说明现阶段在贫困地区建立垃圾治理农户付费制度已具备相当经济基础和社会基础,但收费标准应与农户收入水平相适应,稳妥推进为宜。2)农户支付意愿受到个人、家庭及认知特征的影响,女性比例、家中有村干部、收入水平、必要性认知、对村干部信任程度对农户支付意愿具有显著正向影响,而年龄、家庭外出务工比例具有显著负向影响。其中,家庭外出务工比例对农户支付意愿的影响最大,是影响贫困地区农户支付意愿的根本原因。3)农村社会经济结构转型背景下,劳动力外流和农村社会"原子化"对贫困地区农户支付意愿产生不利影响。得到的政策启示是,在贫困地区实施垃圾治理农户付费制度,收费标准不仅应与农户收入水平相适应,更应该实现差别化,而非整个村庄"一刀切"。Domestic solid wastes treatment in the rural areas is vital for pollution mitigation,which is one of the three major national campaigns.In this paper the rural households′willingness to pay for treatment of domestic solid wastes and its determinants were explored based on a questionnaire survey of 465 rural households in the catchment of Yudong Reservoir,Yunnan Province.Contingent Valuation Method was used in the analysis.The study showed that 1)404 out of 448 respondents of rural households are willing to pay for the treatment of solid wastes from their households.The average willingness to pay(WTP)is 36.257/year/household,which is higher than the existing tariff.It indicates that fees could be levied for treatment of domestic solid wastes in rural areas at present,but the tariff should be accommodated to the rural level of living.2)The WTP is affected by the factors of a person,a household,and their cognitions.The WTP is positively affected significantly by proportion of female,leadership,income,positive cognition,and trust in rural leadership,while it is negatively affected by age and labors for off-site job.Proportion of labors for off-site job in a household so significantly influences the WTP of the household that it might be fundamental.3)Migration of rural labors and atomization of rural society negatively affect the WTP of rural households.It implies that the tariff should be aligned with rural level of living so as to be sustainable and it will be better to have differentiated tariffs than to have the single one.

关 键 词：贫困地区 农村生活垃圾治理 支付意愿 条件价值评估法 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]