温度和微藻饵料对强额孔雀水蚤摄食的影响  

Effects of temperature and diet on the ingestion of calanoid copepods:Parvocalanus crassirostris

作　　者：程浩楠 程方平 王淑红[1] CHENG Hao-nan;CHENG Fang-ping;WANG Shu-hong(Fisheries college of Jimei University,Ornamental Aquarium Engineering Research Centre in Universities of Fujian Province,Xiamen 361021,China;Shanghai Ocean University,College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Ocean University,Centre for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院观赏水族福建省高校工程研究中心,福建厦门361021 [2]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学港航生态安全研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋科学》2021年第3期24-32,共9页Marine Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2018J01453);“十三五”厦门市海洋经济创新发展示范项目(16PZY002SF18)。

摘　　要：论文以强额孔雀水蚤(Parvocalanuscarssirostris)为研究对象,研究了不同培养温度(18℃、22℃、26℃、30℃)、不同种类微藻(球等鞭金藻(Isochrysisgalbana)、牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri)、青岛大扁藻(Platymonas helgolandica))饵料以及不同饵料质量浓度(0.5、1.0、1.5、2.5、5μgC/mL)对强额孔雀水蚤摄食的影响。结果表明:强额孔雀水蚤的清滤率随温度上升而上升,随饵料浓度上升而下降,26℃~30℃以及饵料浓度为0.5μgC/mL时清滤率较高;滤食率和摄食率随温度上升而上升,摄食球等鞭金藻和牟氏角毛藻时,在26℃时达到最高;摄食青岛大扁藻时,两者随温度升高持续上升。对3种藻的摄食率大小顺序为:青岛大扁藻>球等鞭金藻>牟氏角毛藻;强额孔雀水蚤摄食碳量占体碳比较高,远高于中华哲水蚤(Calanussinicus)、海洋伪镖水蚤(Pseudodiaptomus annandalei)等大中型桡足类;强额孔雀水蚤的最适饵料等效球直径约为11.5μm,青岛大扁藻为强额孔雀水蚤较适口的饵料。In order to optimize the culture conditions,the effects of different temperatures(18℃,22℃,26℃,and 30℃),different food types(Isochrysisgalbana,Chaetoceros muelleri,and Platymonas helgolandica),as well as different food concentrations(0.5,1.0,1.5,2.5,and 5.0μgC/mL)on the ingestion of Parvocalanus crassirostris were investigated.The results showed that:(1)The clearance rates increased with temperature increase,but decreased when food concentration increase.The clearance rates had the highest values at 26℃~30℃when the food concentration was 0.5μgC/mL;(2)The grazing and ingestion rates increased with temperature increase while feeding on I.galbana and C.muelleri and reached the highest level at 26℃.Additionally,both the grazing and ingestion rates increased while feeding on P.helgolandica when the temperature elevated from 18℃to 30℃.The order of the ingestion rate for three algae species were as flowing:P.helgolandica>I.galbana>C.muelleri;(3)The weight-specific ingestion rates of P.crassirostris for body carbon content per day is higher than that of the large copepods such as Calanus sinicus and Pseudodiaptomus marinus;(4)The optimum food equivalent sphere diameter of P.crassirostris is about 11.5μm,and P.helgolandica is a suitable feed when the cell size was considered.

关 键 词：强额孔雀水蚤(Parvocalanus carssirostris) 清滤率 滤食率 摄食率 饵料等效球直径 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]