科尔沁沙地北缘天然五角枫种子雨及幼苗更新特征  

Characteristics of Seed Rain and Seeding Regeneration of Acer mono in Northern Edge of Horqin Sandy Land

作　　者：鲁敏 赵丽[1,2,3] 李佳陶 王伟峰[1,2] 吴振廷 乌日恒[1,3] 刘平生 LU Min;ZHAO Li;LI Jiatao;WANG Weifeng;WU Zhenting;WU Riheng;LIU Pingsheng(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Sciences,010010,Hohhot,PRC;Inner Mongolia Dalate Desert Ecosystem Research Station,014300,Ordos,Inner Mongolia,PRC;Key Laboratory of Conservation and Cultivation in Desert Biological Resources,National Forestry Administration,010010,Hohhot,PRC)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古达拉特荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯014300 [3]沙地生物资源保护与培育国家林业局重点实验室,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《江西科学》2021年第2期233-239,共7页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2019BS03033);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项课题(2019ZD003-4)。

摘　　要：以科尔沁沙地北缘的天然五角枫林为研究对象,分别设置无封育无更新、封育无更新、封育更新3种类型的固定样地,通过调查五角枫天然种群的群落结构、幼苗更新数量、种子雨组成特征以及空间分布格局等,探究限制其更新的种源因素,为其种群的自然恢复提供理论依据。结果表明:1)幼苗更新主要发生在人为干扰较小的封育样地,幼苗更新数量为冠下>冠缘>林窗;2)种子收集量依次为封育更新样地>无封育无更新样地>封育无更新样地,完整种子及种子千粒重为无封育无更新样地>封育更新样地>封育无更新样地;3)五角枫种子受重力及风力共同作用进行扩散,种子收集量表现为冠下>冠缘>林窗;同时种子散落受当地西北风及西风影响,其收集量东>南>北>西;4)不同样地的种子室内萌发结果显示,样地间种子萌发率、发芽势及发芽指数均表现为无封育无更新样地>封育更新样地>封育无更新样地,人为干扰以及土壤含水量低可能是导致其更新失败的重要原因。In this study,with A.mono distributed in northern edge of Horqin sandy land as research object,we arranged three types of sample plots,including non-enclosure without seeding regeneration,enclosure without seeding regeneration,and enclosure with seeding regeneration.The community structure,seedling regeneration number,the composition of seed rain,the pattern of seed dispersal and seed germination were monitored and analyzed by field investigation and indoor experimental analysis,to reveal the provenance factors that resulted its weak natural regeneration and to provide scientific basis for recover of A.mono populations.The results showed as follows:1)Seedling regeneration mainly occurred in the enclosure plots with less human disturbance.The number of seedling regeneration was the same as follows:undercanopy>crown edge>forest gap;2)The total number of collected seed in sample plots is enclosure with seeding regeneration sample plots>non-enclosure without seeding regeneration sample plots>enclosure without seeding regeneration sample plots.The intact seed quantity and the thousand seed weight was non-enclosure without seeding regeneration sample plots>enclosure with seeding regeneration sample plots>enclosure without seeding regeneration sample plots;3)The seed of A.mono is diffused by gravity and wind-force,average seed collection was undercanopy>crown edge>forest gap.At the same time,seed distribution was affected by northwest and west winds,average seed collection was east>south>north>west;4)The germination rate,germination potential and germination index of indoor germination experiment from different sample plots was non-enclosure without seeding regeneration sample plots>enclosure with seeding regeneration sample plots>enclosure without seeding regeneration sample plots.It was concluded that human disturbance and low water content in soil may the principal reason to poor natural regeneration of A.mono in Horqin sandy land.

关 键 词：科尔沁沙地 五角枫 群落结构 幼苗更新 种子雨 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]