遮光条件对水泥池养殖罗非鱼生长及养殖水环境的影响  

Effects of lighting conditions on the growth performance and culture environment of GIFT Tilapia(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus)

作　　者：戴杨鑫[1,2] 戴瑜来 王宇希[1] 黄辉 冯晓宇[1,2] DAI Yangxin;DAI Yulai;WANG Yuxi;HUANG Hui;FENG Xiaoyu(Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;Hangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Technology System for Conventional Freshwater Fish Industries,Hangzhou 310024,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江杭州310024 [2]国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系杭州综合试验站,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《渔业研究》2021年第2期160-166,共7页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：杭州市科委农业科研自主申报项目(20180432B26);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-45);杭州市农科院创新基金项目(2018HNCX-01).

摘　　要：本文以水泥池养殖的罗非鱼为研究对象,研究了遮光条件和自然光照条件2种模式下罗非鱼的生长及养殖水质的变化情况。实验设置以13 mm厚度的红色建筑模板覆盖的水泥养殖池作为遮光条件的实验组,以不使用模板覆盖的水泥养殖池作为自然光照条件的对照组,每组共设置3个重复,共使用6个水泥养殖池。实验期间使用70 cm直径的纳米圆盘底增氧方式增氧,整个养殖期间不换水,持续对水体温度(Wt)、溶氧(DO)进行监测,每周采样测定水体氨氮(NH+4-N)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、高锰酸钾指数(CODMn)和叶绿素a(Chl-a)等含量。实验中使用商品配合饲料对罗非鱼进行投喂,记录配合饲料的总使用量,实验开始和结束时分别测定罗非鱼的生长情况。实验结果表明:在为期56 d的实验时间内,遮光条件和自然光照条件对罗非鱼的成活率、生长指标、饲料系数等均无显著影响,而光照条件显著影响养殖水体的水质状况,对水温、叶绿素a含量和高锰酸钾指数的影响尤为显著。因而在遮光的室内环境下进行罗非鱼养殖更需要注意调节养殖水体的水质,而以异养细菌为主的生物絮团养殖模式,因其具有细菌群落稳定、不会引起水体中pH的变化、且不受光照条件的限制等优势,可能是一个新的突破口。In the present study,we investigated the effects of lighting conditions on the growth performance,water chemistry and culture environment of GIFT Tilapia(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus).The concrete tanks covered by 13 mm thick red building template was used as the treat group(Group T)under low lighting conditions,and the concrete tanks not covered by template was used as the control group(Group C)under natural lighting conditions.Each group was set with 3 repetitions and 6 concrete tanks were used in total.During the experiment,the method of adding oxygen with the diameter of 70 cm nano disc bottom was used.During the whole experimental period,water temperature(WT)and dissolved oxygen(DO)were monitored continuously.The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen(NH+4-N),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),chemical oxygen consumption(CODMn)and chlorophyll a(Chl-a)were measured by weekly sampling.Commercial compound feed was used to feed tilapia,while the total amount of compound feed was recorded,and the growth index of tilapia was measured at the initial and final of the experiment.The results showed that the survival rate,growth performance and feed coefficient of tilapia was not significantly affected by lighting conditions during the 56 day experiment,while the water quality was significantly affected by the lighting conditions,especially the water temperature,chlorophyll a and CODMn.Therefore,it is more necessary to adjust the water quality of tilapia culture in low light indoor environment,and the bio-floc culture mode may be a new breakthrough because of its advantages of bacteria community stability,not causing the change of pH in water,and not limited by light conditions.

关 键 词：光照条件 罗非鱼 生长 水化指标 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖]