一种快速响应直流限流器拓扑结构与参数设计  

Topology and Parameter Design of a Fast Response DC Current Limiter

作　　者：袁佳歆[1] 陈鹤冲 陈凡[1] 张哲维 Yuan Jiaxin;Chen Hechong;Chen Fan;Zhang Zhewei(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第8期1646-1657,共12页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0902904);湖北省杰青项目(2020CFA098);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BAB111)资助。

摘　　要：配合限流器使用的限流式直流断路器将成为直流断路器往高遮断容量发展的新趋势,然而原先提出的永磁饱和型故障限流器存在延长故障电流下降时间的问题。对此该文在原先提出的永磁饱和型故障限流器的基础上进行拓扑优化,提出一种新型快速响应直流限流器。其在原有限流器的拓扑结构中通过磁耦合引入一条辅助支路,消除原有限流器在直流断路器故障开断时延长故障电流下降时间的负面影响,加速开断进程,同时能够极大程度地减小断路器的吸能应力,一定程度上降低过电压应力。该新型限流器能全程自适应动作,无需触发控制装置,响应直接迅速,且二极管处于低压侧,降低了对地绝缘成本。通过理论分析,介绍该新型快速响应直流限流器的工作原理,通过数学推导,分析其主要电磁参数设计要求;通过磁路有限元仿真与电路仿真计算相结合,验证该新型限流器的可行性;设计一台小容量实验样机,通过现场实验与小容量仿真对比验证了该新型快速响应限流器能有效提升电流下降速度。The current limiting DC circuit breaker combined with fault current limiter will become a new trend of the development of DC circuit breaker towards high breaking capacity.However,the current permanent magnet saturated fault current limiter has the problem of prolonging the falling time of fault current.In this paper,a new type of fast response DC current limiter is proposed based on the topology optimization of the permanent magnet saturated fault current limiter.This paper proposes an auxiliary branch by magnetic coupling with the topology of the original current limiter,which can eliminate the negative effect that prolongs the falling time of fault current when the current limiter is disconnected and accelerate the breaking process.Moreover,it can reduce the peak value of over-voltage in the process of breaking,thereby protecting the fully controlled power electronic devices of high cost in the DC circuit breaker.At the same time,it can greatly reduce the energy absorption stress of the DC circuit breaker energy absorption branch and further reduce the manufacturing cost of the DC circuit breaker energy absorption branch.The new type of current limiter can operate adaptively in the whole process without triggering the control device,and its response is also more direct and rapid than the traditional current limiter.The diode is on the low-voltage side,which reduces the insulation cost.The working principle of the new current limiting DC circuit breaker is introduced through theoretical analysis,and the design requirements for the main electromagnetic parameters are analyzed by mathematical derivation.The feasibility of the scheme is verified by the combination of magnetic circuit finite element simulation and circuit simulation.A small capacity test prototype is designed.The comparison between the field test and the small capacity simulation shows that the new fast response current limiter can effectively improve the current drop speed.

关 键 词：永磁饱和型故障限流器 直流断路器 吸能应力 磁耦合 快速响应 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]