弹性壁扩张式消声器传递损失特性研究  

Transmission loss characteristics of expansion muffler with flexible walls

作　　者：侯九霄 朱海潮[1] 毛荣富[1] 袁苏伟 HOU Jiu-xiao;ZHU Hai-chao;MAO Rong-fu;YUAN Su-wei(National Key Laboratory on Ship Vibration and Noise,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学船舶振动噪声重点实验室,武汉430033

出　　处：《船舶力学》2021年第4期517-525,共9页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675529)。

摘　　要：本文将挠性接管和扩张式消声器相结合,提出了弹性壁扩张式消声器。采用传递矩阵法将弹性壁扩张式消声器划分为三个声学单元,基于Green函数和Kirchhoff-Helmholtz积分公式建立了弹性管段的声学模型,进而求得弹性壁扩张式消声器的传递损失,并且利用有限元法对理论结果进行验证。然后,研究了管壁参数对传递损失的影响。基于等效流体模型简化算法,得到弹性壁扩张式消声器传递损失的近似解法。结果表明:相较于刚性壁扩张式消声器,弹性壁扩张式消声器的传递损失曲线向低频移动并且峰值得到提高,低频消声性能得到提升;降低管壁材料的弹性模量,使传递损失曲线进一步地向低频移动;增加管壁材料的阻尼,通过频率处的消声效果得到提高。采用等效流体模型简化了求解过程,在低频范围具有较高的精度。Combining a flexible pipe and an expansion muffler,an expansion muffler with flexible walls was proposed.The expansion muffler with flexible walls was divided into three acoustic units by transfer matrix method.Based on Green function and Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral formula,the acoustic model of the flexi⁃ble pipe section was established,and the transmission loss(TL)of the expansion muffler with flexible walls was obtained.The theoretical results were verified by finite element method.Then,the influence of parame⁃ters of the flexible pipe on transmission loss was studied.Based on the equivalent fluid model,the approxi⁃mate solution of transmission loss was obtained.The results showed that,compared with those of rigid wall ex⁃pansion mufflers,the transmission loss curve of the expansion muffler with flexible walls moved to a lower fre⁃quency and the peak value was increased,and the sound attenuation effect was improved in the low frequen⁃cy range.By increasing the damping of the flexible wall material,the sound attenuation effect at the passing frequency was improved.The solution process was simplified by using the equivalent fluid method,with satis⁃fied accuracy in the low frequency range.

关 键 词：弹性壁 扩张式消声器 传递损失 结构-声耦合 等效流体模型 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]