443例药物致血液系统不良反应分析  

443 Cases of Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions in Blood System

作　　者：朱丹[1] 曹雪 宋燕青[1] 李艳娇[1] ZHU Dan;CAO Xue;SONG Yanqing;LI Yanjiao(Department of Pharmacy,the First Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第一医院药学部,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《中国药物警戒》2021年第4期356-360,共5页Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance

摘　　要：目的分析药物致血液系统不良反应(ADR)特点,为保障患者用药安全,促进临床合理用药提供参考。方法对2014年11月1日至2019年11月30日我院上报国家药品不良反应监测中心的443例血液系统ADR报告进行回顾性分析,内容包括性别、年龄、给药剂型与途径、临床表现、药品品种、临床转归情况、是否超说明书使用等。结果一般ADR 313例(70.65%),严重ADR 130例(29.35%);男258例(58.24%),女185例(41.76%);60岁以上老人所占比例最高(53.05%)。涉及药品品种10类61种,最多为抗肿瘤药(51.92%);药品剂型以注射剂(59.14%)为主;给药途径以静脉给药(60.72%)为主;用药后0~3 d内发生ADR(223例)比例最高;39例存在超说明书用药情况。ADR临床表现以血小板减少/出血和凝血障碍为主;痊愈124例(27.99%),好转278例(62.75%),未好转31例(7.00%),不详10例(2.26%)。结论血液系统ADR比较严重又比较隐秘,应加强防范与治疗,以减少及预防ADR的发生,保障患者用药安全。Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse reactions in the blood system caused by drugs in a hospital so as to provide reference for drug safety and rational drug use in clinic.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the blood system adverse reactions reported by a hospital to the National Drug for ADR Monitoring,China from November 2014 to November 2019,involving gender,age,dosage forms,routes of administration,clinical manifestations,drug varieties,clinical outcomes,and off-label prescriptions.Results From November 2014 to November 2019,our hospital reported a total of 443 cases of drug-induced ADRs in the blood system,313(70.65%)of which were normal ADR,and130(29.35%)were severe ADR.258(58.24%)of these cases involved males and 185(41.76%)involved females.Sixty-one drugs of 10 categories were involved,with the largest proportion going to anti-tumor drug(51.92%).There were 39 cases of ADR related to off-label drugs.The clinical manifestations of ADR were mostly platelet/hemorrhage and coagulation disorder,and most of the ADR occurred within 0~3d(223 cases)of medication.In 402 of these cases(90.74%),ADR had no significant effect on the preexisting disease,but 31 of these cases(7.00%)refused to improve,and 10 cases(2.26%)lost contact.Conclusion ADR associated with the blood system are severe and hidden,so precautions should be taken.Medical staff should enhance the public awareness of adverse reactions so as to reduce and prevent the occurrence of ADR.

关 键 词：血液系统损害 药品不良反应 回顾分析 

分 类 号：R994.11[医药卫生—毒理学]