不同液态污渍在棉织物上的扩散成形规律及侵入动力学特征  

Study on Diffusion Forming and Kinetics of Different Stains on Cotton Fabric

作　　者：侯真威 熊明 章松发 吴雄英[1,4] 丁雪梅 HOU Zhenwei;XIONG Ming;ZHANG Songfa;WU Xiongying;DING Xuemei(Fashion Institute,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China;Key Laboratory of Clothing Design&Technology(Donghua University),Ministry of Education,Shanghai 200051,China;Wuxi Little Swan Electric Appliance Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi,Jiangsu,214028,China;Shanghai Customs,Shanghai,200135,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学服装与艺术设计学院,上海200051 [2]东华大学现代服装设计与技术教育部重点实验室,上海200051 [3]无锡小天鹅电器有限公司,江苏无锡214028 [4]上海海关,上海200135

出　　处：《中国洗涤用品工业》2021年第3期28-35,共8页China Cleaning Industry

摘　　要：为了揭示水溶性和油溶性污渍在棉织物上的扩散成形规律和动力学特性等一系列问题,解释液态污渍在织物上的形成机理,利用扫描电镜观察、毛细表征、接触角变化和高速摄像系统,记录相同体积下不同属性的污渍液滴在棉织物上侵入扩散动力学特征。结果表明:棉织物吸附能力较强,污渍扩散以纤维间扩散为主;当织物经密大于纬密时,污渍斑经向扩散直径大于纬向,水液滴经纬扩散距离大于油液滴,水液滴最终呈椭圆状且圆形度较低,油液滴成形圆形度较高;棉织物亲水亲油(接触角均小于90°),相同体积下的液体,表面张力越大、黏度越小,润湿和扩散平衡时间越短,扩散面积越大,扩散距离面积和时间关系符合对数函数分布,R 2均大于0.90;扩散动力学特征分为快速扩散和速度减慢达到动态平衡两个阶段,且液滴自身属性、织物性能和结构、织物经纬密等因素共同影响污渍扩散成形规律。In order to reveal the diffusion forming law and dynamic characteristics of water-soluble and oil-soluble stains on cotton fabrics,and to explain the formation mechanism of liquid stains on cotton fabrics,scanning electron microscope observation,capillary characterization,contact angle change and high-speed camera system were used to record the diffusion dynamics characteristics of water-soluble and oil-soluble stains on cotton fabrics.The results show that the cotton fabric has strong adsorption capacity,and the main stain diffusion is fiber diffusion;when the warp density is greater than the weft density,the warp diffusion diameter of the stain spot is larger than that of the weft,and the water droplet diffusion distance is larger than the oil droplet.Finally,the water droplet is elliptical with low roundness,and the oil droplet forming roundness is higher;the cotton fabric is hydrophilic and lipophilic(the contact angle is less than 90°),and the same volume.The results show that the larger the surface tension and viscosity,the shorter the wetting and diffusion equilibrium time,and the larger the diffusion area.The relationship between diffusion distance area and time conforms to log logarithmic function distribution,and R 2 is greater than 0.90.The diffusion kinetic characteristics can be divided into two stages,and the droplet properties,fabric properties and structure,fabric warp and weft density jointly affect the diffusion forming law of stains.

关 键 词：棉织物 污渍 吸附润湿 扩散成形 动力学特征 

分 类 号：TQ423.99[化学工程]