硼酸盐对阻燃PP复合材料性能的影响  

The Effect of Borate on the Properties of Flame-retardant PP Composites

作　　者：李臻 杨丽庭[1] 李彦涛 黄文杰[1] 叶晋纶 曾聪 LI Zhen;YANG Liting;LI Yantao;HUANG Wenjie;YE Jinlun;ZENG Cong(School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;MBS Environmental Technology Corporation, Guangzhou 511483, China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学化学学院,广州510006 [2]广州石头造环保科技股份有限公司,广州511483

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期35-43,共9页Journal of South China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2019A1515011389);广东省高等学校珠江学者岗位计划资助项目(2019)。

摘　　要：采用熔融共混挤出法,制备了掺杂少量硬硼钙石(CB)或硼酸锌(ZB)的阻燃聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,研究了CB和ZB对填充蜜胺包覆聚磷酸铵(APP-102)、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)阻燃PP复合材料的燃烧性能、热稳定性、机械性能、熔融结晶性能的影响.结果表明:少量CB或ZB(质量分数为2.0%)能有效提高阻燃PP复合材料的阻燃性能,极限氧指数(LOI)从25.7%分别提高到27.6%和27.7%,UL-49等级从V-2提升到V-0,热释放峰值(pHRR)和总放热量(HRR)有一定程度的降低;CB和ZB有效改善了阻燃PP复合材料的热稳定性,燃烧时硼元素在表面促进形成连续紧密的炭层;少量CB或ZB的添加不仅没有劣化阻燃PP复合材料的机械性能,而且使拉伸模量、弯曲模量略有升高,同时提高了阻燃PP复合材料的结晶速率和结晶度.因此,CB与ZB类似,可被应用于PP的协同阻燃工艺.The flame-retardant polypropylene(PP)composites doped with a small amount of colemanite(CB)or zinc borate(ZB)were prepared with the melt blending extrusion method.The influence of CB and ZB on the combustion properties,thermal stability,mechanical properties and crystallization of flame-retardant PP composites filled with melamine-coated ammonium polyphosphate(APP-102)and melamine cyanurate(MCA)were studied.The results showed that a small amount of CB or ZB(2.0%)can effectively improve flame retardancy of PP composites,the LOI value were improved from 25.7%to 27.6%and 27.7%respectively,the UL-94 rating was increased from V-2 to V-0,and the peak heat release(pHRR)and total heat release(HRR)were reduced slightly.CB and ZB could effectively improve the thermal stability of flame-retardant PP composites,and boron could promote the formation of a continuous and compact char layer on the surface.The addition of a small amount of CB or ZB did not deteriorate the mechanical properties of the flame-retardant PP composites,and the tensile modulus and flexural modulus were slightly increased.At the same time,the crystallization rate and crystallinity of flame-retardant PP composites with a small amount of CB or ZB were improved.Therefore,CB was similar to ZB and could be used in synergistic flame retardation of PP.

关 键 词：硼酸锌 硬硼钙石 聚磷酸铵 三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐 聚丙烯 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]