三级微纳超疏水表面的超快激光复合制备及防除冰性能研究  

Ultrafast Laser Hybrid Fabrication and Ice-Resistance Performance of a Triple-Scale Micro/Nano Superhydrophobic Surface

作　　者：潘瑞 张红军 钟敏霖[1,2] Pan Rui;Zhang Hongjun;Zhong Minlin(Laser Materials Processing Research Center,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tsingh ua University,Beijing 100084,China;Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology,Ministry of Education,Tsingh ua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学材料学院,激光材料加工研究中心,北京100084 [2]清华大学先进成形制造教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中国激光》2021年第2期115-126,共12页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB1104300);国家自然科学基金(51905303,51575309,51210009)。

摘　　要：本文针对超疏水表面的防除冰性能,采用超快激光结合化学氧化的复合制备方法,开发了一类新的三级微纳超疏水表面结构,这类结构由微米锥阵列支撑结构以及在其上密集生长的金属氧化物纳米草结构和弥散分布的微米或亚微米花结构组合而成。经过表面改性后,这类三级微纳结构具有优异的超疏水性,其接触角可超过160°,滚动角在1°以内。对这类三级微纳超疏水表面的防结冰性能进行研究后发现,在冷凝和低温环境下,该类超疏水表面存在合并诱导自跳跃以及分级冷凝的现象,分级冷凝不仅可使表面上的一级冷凝液滴在高湿度环境下依然保持Cassie状态,还能使液滴在结冰前脱离表面,因此具有较好的防结冰性能;此外,由于表面三级微纳粗糙结构中捕获的空气囊具有较好的隔热作用,因此该超疏水表面具有良好的延迟结冰性能,其延迟异质形核的时间达到了52 min 39 s。最后,本文对三级微纳超疏水表面的疏冰性能进行了研究,结果表明:三级微纳超疏水表面的冰粘附强度仅为6 kPa,约为未经处理的铝合金表面的1/40;经过10次推冰测试后,该超疏水表面的冰粘附强度依然不超过20 kPa,说明该表面具有良好的机械耐久性,应用潜力巨大。Objective Ice accretion and its subsequent removal can be great threats to aircrafts,power lines,wind turbines,marine structures,and even the pipes of air conditioners or refrigerators,which may lead to serious life safety problems and enormous economic loss.Traditional deicing methods,such as mechanical vibration deicing,electro-thermally deicing,or chemical fluid deicing are usually energy-intensive and/or environmentally unfavorable.Alternatively,emerging passive anti-icing(for prevention or delay of ice accumulation)and icephobic(for easy removal of ice)surfaces have been widely studied.Among them,superhydrophobic surfaces are promising candidates due to their extreme high-water repellency.However,superhydrophobic-based ice-resistant surfaces are facing three possible problems,including low humidity tolerance,relatively high ice adhesion strength which needs to be further reduced and poor deicing mechanical durability.In the present study,we report a novel kind of triple-scale micro/nano-structured superhydrophobic surface with comprehensive anti-icing and icephobic properties via ultrafast laser hybrid fabrication.This type of superhydrophobic surface exhibits excellent Cassie state stability,high humidity resistance,and good deicing durability.We hope that our basic strategy and findings can be helpful for the design of new robust ice-resistant superhydrophobic surfaces and the relationships between superhydrophobicity and ice resistance.Methods Copper and aluminum alloys have been employed in the present study.First,the triple-scale micro/nano structures,composed of microcone arrays covered with densely grown nanograsses and dispersedly distributed micro and/or submicron flowers,were fabricated on the surfaces via a hybrid method combining ultrafast laser ablation and chemical oxidation.Then,the resultant surfaces were chemically modified by fluoride to induce superhydrophobicity.After that,contact angle and sliding angle of the surfaces were tested on a video-based optical contact angle measuring device.T

关 键 词：激光技术 超快激光 超疏水表面 多级微纳结构 防结冰 疏冰 

分 类 号：V261.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]