林龄对红松和落叶松人工林土壤温室气体通量的影响  

Effects of stand age on soil greenhouse gas flux in Korean pine and larch plantations

作　　者：裴昱 张悦[1,2] 耿世聪 冯月[1] 张军辉[1] PEI Yu;ZHANG Yue;GENG Shi-cong;FENG Yue;ZHANG Jun-hui(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第3期635-643,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41675150、41430639和31800413);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-BS-262)资助。

摘　　要：探讨人工林发育过程中土壤温室气体排放及其机制,可为森林温室气体通量估算提供理论依据。采用室内培养方法研究了黑龙江省帽儿山地区不同林龄(15、30和50年生)红松(Pinus koraiensis)和落叶松(Larix gmelinii)人工林土壤温室气体排放/吸收速率及其调控因素。结果表明:30年生红松和落叶松人工林土壤CO_(2)排放速率(红松:(1724.18±98.57)μg C·kg^(-1)·h^(-1);落叶松:(1306.37±142.27)μg C·kg^(-1)·h^(-1))和CH_(4)吸收速率(红松:(5.12±0.68)μg C·kg^(-1)·h^(-1);落叶松:(1.91±0.85)μg C·kg^(-1)·h^(-1))显著高于15和50年生(P<0.05)。30年生红松人工林土壤N_(2)O排放速率显著高于15和50年生(P<0.05),而落叶松人工林土壤N_(2)O排放速率随林龄增加变化不显著。红松和落叶松人工林土壤N_(2)O排放速率最大值分别为(0.139±0.016)和(0.137±0.056)μg N·kg^(-1)·h^(-1)。红松人工林土壤CO_(2)排放速率均高于同龄落叶松人工林,15和30年生达到显著水平(P<0.05)。红松人工林土壤CH_(4)吸收速率均显著高于同龄落叶松人工林(P<0.05)。红松人工林土壤N_(2)O排放速率与同龄落叶松人工林土壤均无显著差异。混合线性模型分析显示,影响红松和落叶松人工林发育过程中土壤CO_(2)排放速率的主要因素是土壤全碳含量和微生物生物量氮,其中微生物生物量氮受树种和林龄的影响。CH_(4)吸收速率受到微生物生物量碳、溶解性有机碳和溶解性有机氮含量影响,其中微生物生物量碳受树种和林龄调控。N_(2)O排放速率受溶解性有机氮、铵态氮和硝态氮影响,其中溶解性有机氮受林龄影响。综上所述,树种和林龄差异造成的土壤理化性质和微生物生物量碳氮的异质性可在一定程度上解释土壤温室气体排放/吸收速率的差异。Studies on soil greenhouse gas emission and its mechanism in the process of plantation development can provide theoretical basis for estimating forest greenhouse gas flux.We examined the soil greenhouse gas emission and absorption rate of Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)and larch(Larix gmelinii)plantations with different stand ages(15,30 and 50 years old)in Maoer Mountain of Heilongjiang Province,using laboratory incubation method.The results showed that soil CO_(2) emission rates(Korean pine:1724.18±98.57μg C·kg^(-1)·h^(-1);larch:1306.37±142.27μg C·kg^(-1)·h^(-1))and CH_(4) absorption rates(Korean pine:5.12±0.68μg C·kg^(-1)·h^(-1);larch:1.91±0.85μg C·kg^(-1)·h^(-1))were significantly higher in 30-year-old plantations than that in 15-and 50-year-old plantations.Soil N_(2)O emission rate of 30-year-old Korean pine plantation was significantly higher than that of 15-and 50-year-old Korean pine plantation(P<0.05).Soil N_(2)O emission rate in the larch plantations did not change across stand ages.The maximum soil N_(2)O emission rates were(0.139±0.016)μg N·kg^(-1)·h^(-1)in Korean pine plantation and(0.137±0.056)μg N·kg^(-1)·h^(-1)in larch plantation,respectively.Soil CO_(2) emission rates were higher in Korean pine plantations of all stand ages than in larch plantations in 15-and 30-yearold plantations.For all stand ages,soil CH_(4)absorption rate was significantly higher(P<0.05)in Korean pine plantations than in larch plantations.Soil N_(2)O emission rates in Korean pine plantations of all stand ages were not significantly different from those in larch plantations.The main factors driving the CO_(2) emission rate were total soil carbon content and microbial biomass nitrogen in Korean pine and larch plantations.Microbial biomass nitrogen was affected by the tree species and stand age.The CH_(4) absorption rate was affected by microbial biomass carbon,dissolved organic carbon,and dissolved organic nitrogen contents.Microbial biomass carbon was regulated by tree species and stand age.The emission r

关 键 词：森林发育 针叶树种 温室气体 土壤理化性质 微生物量生物碳氮 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]