北航沙河校区土壤中^(40)K、^(238)U、^(232)Th相对含量的实验测量  

Determination of relative abundances of ^(40)K,^(238)U and ^(232)Th in the soil at Beihang Shahe campus

作　　者：司大伟 孙保华[1] SI Da-wei;SUN Bao-hua(School of Physics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学物理学院,北京100191

出　　处：《大学物理》2021年第5期67-70,共4页College Physics

摘　　要：环境中天然伽马射线主要来源于^(40)K以及钍系、铀系和锕系.通过探测伽马射线来识别放射性核素并得到它们的相对含量,是核科学与核技术中的一个重要方法.利用高分辨的高纯锗探测器,北航以及国内部分高校已开设了鉴别环境中放射性核素的实验.在此基础上,本文进一步利用特征γ射线与递次衰变规律,对北航沙河校区土壤中的^(40)K、^(238)U和^(232)Th的相对含量进行了测量,结果与普查数据一致.The natural gamma rays in environment mainly come from ^(40)K and the thorium series,uranium series and actinium series.It is an important method to identify the relevant radioactive nuclides and determine the relative abundances in nuclear science and technology.At Beihang and some domestic universities,a lab experiment is developed to identify the radioactive nuclides in environment via characteristic gamma rays by using the high-resolution high-purity germanium detectors.In this paper,a new lab experiment to deduce the relative abundances of ^(40)K,^(238)U,and ^(232)Th in the soil at Beihang Shahe Campus is reported,which is done by using their characteristic gamma rays and successive decays.The results are consistent with the previous data measured in 1985.

关 键 词：环境本底辐射 高纯锗探测器 递次衰变规律 

分 类 号：O571[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]