施氏鲟皮肤的组织学观察  

Histological Microscopic Observation of Skin in Amur Sturgeon(Acipenser schrenckii)

作　　者：吕伟华[1] 马波[1] 尹家胜 杨建 高雪 徐伟[1] 张颖[1] Lu Weihua;MA Bo;YIN Jiasheng;YANG Jian;GAO Xue;XU Wei;ZHANG Ying(Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resoures and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150070,China;Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry,Zhejiang Wanli University,Ningbo 315100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所黑龙江省冷水性鱼类种质资源及增养殖重点开放实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]浙江万里学院海洋生物种业研究院,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第1期7-11,共5页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(HSY201609);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD56).

摘　　要：利用石蜡切片和H E染色技术,观察了体质量50~100 g 1龄施氏鲟Acipenser schrenckii头部、下颌部、背部和腹部皮肤的组织结构。结果显示:施氏鲟各部位皮肤组织结构基本相似,均由表皮层和真皮层组成。表皮层主要由腺层和生发层组成,真皮层由疏松层和致密层组成。不同部位皮肤厚度不同,下颌部表皮层和真皮层最厚,分别为57.70μm和214.38μm;头部最薄分别为29.26μm和126.38μm。不同部位表皮层的分泌细胞种类比较单一,均为球形的黏液细胞;棒状细胞为单层的长柱状细胞,整齐规则紧密地排列在基底层细胞之上。头部黏液细胞数量少于下颌、背部和腹部,但各部位黏液细胞的数量均显著多于其他鱼类。施氏鲟表皮层粘液细胞的数量多与其抗菌感染和寄生虫侵袭、调解皮肤渗透作用及保持身体润滑等作用有关。The histological structure of skin was observed in head, submandibular, dorsum, and abdomen of one-year-old Amur sturgeon(Acipenser schrenckii)with body weight of 50 ~ 100 g using paraffin sectioning and H E staining. The results showed that the Amur sturgeon had similar basic structure of skin that is composed of two different kinds of tissues: epidermis and dermis. The epidermis subdivided into two layers from outside to inside, including gland layer and germinal layer, and the dermis layer consists of stratum spongiosum and stratum compactum. There are different thickness in various parts of the skins, with the thickest epidermis layer(57.70 μm)and dermis(214.38 μm)in the submandibular, and the thinnest layer(29.26 μm, and 126.38 μm)in the head. The mucous cells in skin epidermis of the different body parts are of a single spherical type. The rod cells are long columnar monolayer, arrayed along a line on the basal layer cells. There are the minimal mucous cells in head skin compared to dorsal, submandibular and abdomen, yet still significantly more than other fish published formerly. The much more mucous cells in skin epidermis are suggested to be involved in anti-bacterial infection, parasitic infestation, mediating skin surface penetration and lubricating own body.

关 键 词：施氏鲟 皮肤 组织观察 粘液细胞 

分 类 号：S965.215[农业科学—水产养殖]