花椒不同炮制品乙醚提取物的局麻作用研究及成分分析  

Local anesthetic effect and composition analysis of ether extracts of differently processed products of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

作　　者：边甜甜 司昕蕾 牛江涛 曹瑞 辛二旦 李东辉 吴红伟 李越峰 BIAN Tian-tian;SI Xin-lei;NIU Jiang-tao;CAO Rui;XIN Er-dan;LI Dong-hui;WU Hong-wei;LI Yue-feng(University of Traditional Chinese Medicine of GanSu,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学药学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国新药杂志》2021年第3期274-279,共6页Chinese Journal of New Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81960713);自然科学基金创新基地和人才计划项目(18JR3RA197);甘肃省中药质量与标准研究重点实验室开放基金资助项目(ZYZL18-008)。

摘　　要：目的:以花椒生品及炮制品为研究对象,考察其乙醚提取物的局部麻醉作用及挥发性成分的组成及变化。方法:采用炒制、醋制、盐制、酒制4种不同的炮制方法对花椒进行炮制,研究花椒不同炮制品乙醚提取物浸润麻醉作用的差异,并利用GC-MS技术,分析花椒不同炮制品的乙醚提取物,比较得出花椒局部麻醉作用的最佳炮制方法及有效部位的成分组成及变化。结果:花椒不同炮制品乙醚提取物对豚鼠的浸润麻醉效果显著,当药物浓度为0.2 g·mL^(-1)时花椒不同炮制品麻醉时间均在40 min以上,且麻醉作用与剂量相关,各药物组局麻作用由强到弱依次为花椒醋制品>盐酸利多卡因>花椒生品>花椒清炒品>花椒盐制品>花椒酒制品;GC-MS共检测出花椒不同炮制品乙醚提取物中24个成分,大致分为醇类、烯类、酯类三大类,其中含量较高的4个化合物依次为乙酸芳樟酯、柠檬烯、3-蒈烯和芳樟醇。结论:花椒不同炮制品乙醚提取物均具有较好的浸润麻醉作用,且醋制品局麻作用较好,与阳性对照盐酸利多卡因相当,具体作用机制有待进一步研究。Objective: To investigate the local anaesthetic effect and volatile composition of the extracts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and processed products. Methods: Pepper samples were processed by four different processing methods: frying,vinegar,salt and wine. The difference of infiltration anesthesia effect of different extracts of pepper was studied and analyzed by GC-MS. The processing method of pepper obtaining best local anesthesia effect was selected and the composition and its changes of active parts were analyzed. Results: The effects of different pepper extracts on guinea pigs were significantly different. When the drug concentration was 0. 2 g·mL^(-1),the anesthesia time of different peppers was longer than 40 min,and the anesthetic effect was dosedependent. The order of local anesthesia effect from strong to weak is: vinegar products > lidocaine hydrochloride >raw pepper > fried products > salt products > wine products. A total of 24 components were detected by GC-MS in ether extracts of different Zanthoxylum bungeanum products,which were roughly divided into three categories:alcohols,alkenes and esters. The four compounds in the highest content were: linalyl acetate,limonene,3-decene and linalool. Conclusion: The ether extracts of different products of Zanthoxylum bungeanum have better infiltrative and anesthetic action,and the effect of the vinegar product is better than that of the positive control lidocaine hydrochloride,and the specific mechanism of action is to be further studied.

关 键 词：花椒及炮制品 乙醚提取物 浸润麻醉 气相色谱-质谱联用 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学] R964[医药卫生—中医学]