渭河陕西段河道沉积物中碳氮磷时空变化分析及评价  

Spatiotemporal Variations and Evaluation of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Sediments of the Weihe River in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：何琪琳 张风宝[1,2] 吴普侠 杨明义[1,2] 赵国平 HE Qilin;ZHANG Fengbao;WU Puxia;YANG Mingyi;ZHAO Guoping(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation&Ecological Restoration of the Loess Plateau,Shaanxi Academy of Forestry 710082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]陕西省林业科学院黄土高原水土保持与生态修复国家林业局重点实验室,西安710082

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2021年第3期88-93,100,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：陕西省水利科技计划项目“渭河下游河道富集污染物的时空变化研究”(2013Slkj-11)。

摘　　要：河流沉积物是营养元素的源和汇,反映了河流的污染状况。以2014—2016年渭河陕西段16个采样点沉积物中的碳氮磷含量为研究对象,在分析了沉积物中碳氮磷含量时空变化特征的基础上,采用模糊综合评价法对渭河陕西段沉积物中营养元素污的染状况进行了评价。结果表明:沉积物中碳氮磷含量在2016年较前两年均有所降低,但在汛期(2015年)无显著变化。沉积物中碳氮磷含量变化具有相似的空间特征,在清姜河入渭处和灞河入渭处达到峰值,兴平和沙王渡处存在低谷。渭河陕西段沉积物营养元素污染等级为Ⅱ级,存在一定的生态风险,需注意磷元素的外源输入以及支流处污染物处理与排放管理。In this study, the contents of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the sediments of 16 sampling points in the Shaanxi section of the Weihe River from 2014 to 2016 were measured. Based on the analysis of the temporal and spatial characteristics of the contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediments, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the pollution of nutrients in the sediments of the Weihe River in Shaanxi. The results showed that the contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediments decreased in 2016 compared with the previous two years, but there was no significant change during the flood season in 2015;the distributions of the contents of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the sediments had the similar spatial characteristics, reaching peaks in Qingjiang River and Bahe River, and reaching troughs in Xingping and Shawangdu;the pollution condition of sediment nutrients in the Shaanxi section of the Weihe River was level Ⅱ, and there were certain ecological risks. It is necessary to pay attention to the external input of phosphorus and the management of pollutant treatment and discharge in tributaries.

关 键 词：渭河 沉积物 碳 氮 磷 模糊综合评价 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]