吉林省蒸发皿蒸发量时空变化特征及其成因定量化分析  

Temporal-Spatial Variations of Pan Evaporation and Quantification of the Causes in Jilin Province

作　　者：岳元 刘海峰[1] 秦孟晟 颜雅琼 陈长胜[1] 王琪[4] YUE Yuan;LIU Haifeng;QIN Mengsheng;YAN Yaqiong;CHEN Changsheng;WANG Qi(Meteorological Observatory of Jilin Province,Changchun 130062,China;Yangzhou Meteorological Observatory,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China;Suqian Meteorological Bureau,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800,China;Institute of Meteorology Science of Jilin Province,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省气象台,长春130062 [2]扬州市气象台,江苏扬州225009 [3]宿迁市气象局,江苏宿迁223800 [4]吉林省气象科学研究所,长春130062

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2021年第2期176-183,189,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：江苏省气象局青年基金(KQ202015);江苏省气象局青年基金(KQ202016);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41875119005761)。

摘　　要：为了分析气候变化背景下吉林省蒸发皿蒸发量时空变化特征及其成因,利用吉林省45个气象站1970-2014年的蒸发皿资料,分析45 a蒸发皿蒸发量的变化趋势,同时结合其他常规气象资料定量化分析了影响蒸发皿蒸发量变化的因素。结果表明:过去45 a中吉林省年蒸发皿蒸发量呈显著下降趋势(-22.49 mm/10 a)。四季中,春季蒸发皿蒸发量减少的最多,而其他3个季节中虽有小幅上升,但并不显著。影响吉林省地区年蒸发皿蒸发量变化主导因子是风速和水汽压差,由于负贡献超过正贡献,导致45 a中年蒸发皿蒸发量呈下降趋势。影响春季蒸发变化的主导因素是风速,而夏、秋、冬3个季节中的主导因素则是水汽压差。空间上,影响吉林省西部和中部蒸发年变化的主导因子是风速和日照时数,而南部地区则是水汽压差。四季中,风速和日照时数是影响多数气象站春季蒸发变化的主导因子,其他季节中水汽压差的正贡献是影响蒸发变化的主导因子。In order to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and causes of pan evaporation in Jilin Province under the background of climate change,based on the data of 45 weather stations in Jilin Province from 1970 to 2014,the trend of pan evaporation in 45 years was analyzed.the factors affecting pan evaporation were quantitatively analyzed by combining with other conventional meteorological data.The results showed that:in the past 45 years,the annual pan evaporation in Jilin Province showed the significant decrease(-22.49 mm/decade);among the four seasons,the decline rate of evaporation in spring was the highest,and the changing trend slightly rose,but was not significant in other three seasons;the wind speed and water vapor pressure difference were the main factors affecting the annual pan evaporation in Jilin Province:the annual pan evaporation showed a decline trend in the 45 years because the negative contribution was more than the positive contribution;spatially,wind speed and sunshine hours were the main factors affecting the annual variation of evaporation in the west and central part of Jilin Province,while the water vapor pressure difference was the main factor in the southern region;in the four seasons,wind speed and sunshine hours were the main factors affecting the variation of evaporation in the most stations in spring;the positive contribution of water vapor pressure difference in other seasons was the main factor affecting the variation of evaporation.

关 键 词：吉林省 气象因子贡献 蒸发皿蒸发量 

分 类 号：P332.2[天文地球—水文科学]