莫达非尼在对抗飞行员睡眠剥夺和提高认知能力方面的应用  

Applicability of modafinil in resisting sleep deprivation and improving cognitive ability of aviators

作　　者：刘珺 杨晓明 邓略 张向阳 贺青 孙玮 刘延 杜思铭 王佳 杨翠莲 李曦 赵曼 LIU Jun;YANG Xiaoming;DENG Lue;ZHANG Xiangyang;HE Qing;SUN Wei;LIU Yan;DU Siming;WANG Jia;YANG Cuilian;LI Xi;ZHAO Man(Department of Research,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心研究部,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心麻醉科,北京100142

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2021年第1期75-79,共5页Medical Journal of Air Force

摘　　要：目的探讨莫达非尼在对抗飞行员睡眠剥夺和提高其认知能力方面的应用价值,为进一步开展对抗飞行员睡眠剥夺和提高其认知能力的精神药物的研究提供参考借鉴。资料来源与选择国内外该领域的相关文献资料。资料引用引用国内外公开发表的期刊论文及科技报告28篇。资料综合在简要回顾近年来飞行员中枢兴奋剂用药研究进展的基础上,对比分析了莫达非尼、咖啡因和苯丙胺对抗飞行员睡眠剥夺的应用效果,总结了莫达非尼对抗飞行员睡眠剥夺的优势,介绍了莫达非尼的用药剂量及不良反应。在跨时区及长航飞行时,飞行员因睡眠剥夺导致其注意力和记忆力等认知功能降低,从而飞行操作能力受到影响。莫达非尼能有效降低睡眠剥夺条件下飞行员的疲劳程度、提高其中枢警觉度,同时莫达非尼作为认知增强剂能显著改善飞行员睡眠剥夺条件下的认知功能。结论合理使用莫达非尼是保持飞行员警觉性、降低疲劳和提高认知能力,进而提高飞行员的飞行操作能力的重要应急性措施,进一步开展对抗飞行员睡眠剥夺和提高认知能力的精神药物的研究对于保障飞行安全具有重要意义。Objective To probe the applicability of modafinil in resisting sleep deprivation and improving cognitive ability of aviators so as to provide reference for subsequent research in this field.Literature Resource and Selection Related articles and scientific reports published in China and abroad were retrieved.Literature Quotation Twenty-eight published papers were cited.Literature Review Based on a brief review of recent advances in the application of central nervous stimulants for aviators,the effects of modafinil,caffeine and amphetamine on sleep deprivation of aviators were compared,the advantages of modafinil against sleep deprivation of aviators were summarized,and the dosage and adverse reactions of modafinil were introduced.During across-time-zone and long-distance flights,aviators’ cognitive functions such as concentration and memory may deteriorate due to sleep deprivation,which affects their flight performance.Modafinil can effectively reduce the fatigue of aviators under sleep deprivation,and improve central nervous wakefulness.In addition,modafinil as a cognitive enhancer can significantly improve the cognitive function of aviators under sleep deprivation.Conclusion Rational use of modafinil is an important emergency measure to sustain alertness,alleviate fatigue and improve cognitive ability,thus improving the performance of aviators.More research on psychotropic drugs to combat sleep deprivation and improve cognitive ability of aviators is of great significance to ensure flight safety.

关 键 词：莫达非尼 睡眠剥夺 飞行疲劳 认知能力 

分 类 号：R856.[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]