甘蔗姊妹系对低钾胁迫响应的差异分析  

Different Responses to Low Potassium Stress Between Two Sugarcane Varieties from the Same Hybrid Combination

作　　者：曾巧英 吴嘉云 冯晓敏 张南南 吴自林 齐永文 ZENG Qiaoying;WU Jiayun;FENG Xiaoming;ZHANG Nannan;WU Zilin;QI Yongwen(Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery/Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510316,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省甘蔗改良与生物炼制重点实验室/广东省科学院生物工程研究所,广东广州510316

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2021年第3期739-746,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广东科学院建设国内一流研究机构行动专项资金项目(No.2020GDASYL-20200302005);国家甘蔗产业技术体系(No.CARS-20-1-4);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(No.2019B020238001)。

摘　　要：以来源于同一甘蔗杂交组合的姊妹系‘粤糖55号’和‘粤糖00-236’为材料,通过对长期低钾胁迫下甘蔗生长、钾含量、钾利用效率和钾吸收效率以及短期低钾胁迫下钾含量、抗氧化酶活性变化的研究,探讨甘蔗姊妹系耐低钾能力的差异。研究结果显示:在长期低钾胁迫下,2个品种的株高、茎径和生物量存在显著差异,‘粤糖55号’表现出显著的下降,而‘粤糖00-236’仅根系生物量显著下降。2个品种的钾含量显著下降,‘粤糖00-236’下降幅度高于‘粤糖55号’,但是低钾胁迫下‘粤糖00-236’的钾利用效率和钾吸收效率均高于‘粤糖55号’。短时间低钾胁迫下,‘粤糖55号’根系钾含量在胁迫48 h后开始下降,而‘粤糖00-236’根系的钾含量在胁迫的24 h已经显著低于对照。‘粤糖55号’根系的MDA含量在胁迫48 h后显著上升,而‘粤糖00-235’则在胁迫的72 h显著上升。‘粤糖55号’的SOD和POD活性在低钾胁迫下表现为下降,而‘粤糖00-236’则在48 h后出现上升。由此可见,同一组合的甘蔗姊妹系在耐低钾胁迫能力上存在显著差异,提高钾的吸收、利用效率和根系抗氧化酶活性有助于提高甘蔗的耐低钾胁迫能力。Two sugarcane varieties(YT55 and YT00-236)from the same hybrid combination were used to analyze the different responses to low potassium(K)stress.The growth parameters,K contents,K utilization and uptake effeciency under longterm low K stress,and the K contents,activites of antioxidative enzymes under shortterm low K stress were investigated.The results revealed that significant differences were found for height,diameter,biomass between the two varieties under longterm low K stress.The height,diameter,shoot and root biomass decreased significantly in YT55 under longterm low K stress,while only root biomass showed noticeable reduction in YT00-236.The K contents in shoots and roots of the two varieties decreased under longterm low K stress.The rate decrease of K content in YT55 was higher than that in YT00-236 under longterm low K stress,but the utilization effeciency and uptake effeciency in YT00-235 were higher than those in YT55.The K content in the roots of YT55 began to decrease after 48 h under low K stress,whereas significant reduction was found for K content in the roots of YT00-236 after 24 h under low K stress.The MDA content in the roots of YT55 showed significant increase after 48 h under low K stress,but after 72 h under low K stress in the roots of YT00-236.The activities of SOD and POD decreased under low K stress in roots of YT55,but notably increased after 48 h under low K stress in the roots of YT00-236.These results indicated that significant difference for low K tolerance existed between the varieties from the same hybrid combination.Improvement in K uti740 utilization and uptake effeciency and activities of antioxidative enzymes might help to increase the low K tolerance in sugarcane.

关 键 词：甘蔗 低钾胁迫 钾含量 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]