水鸟友好视角下的海岸带湿地与城市建设用地空间管制范围研究  

Water Bird Friendly Spatial Governance Range of Coastal Wetland and Construction Land

作　　者：韩西丽[1] 颉泽天 丁恺昕 肖晓楠 Han Xili;Jie Zetian;Ding Kaixin;Xiao Xiaonan

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市规划与设计学院

出　　处：《规划师》2020年第24期41-45,共5页Planners

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0505801)。

摘　　要：海岸带的湿地种类丰富,是水鸟的重要栖息地。人类大规模的沿海开发建设使得海岸带的湿地环境受到了很大的破坏,合理的海岸带规划与管理显得尤为重要。中国的海岸带规划与管理还处于起步摸索阶段,因水鸟迁徙轨迹跟踪技术(GPS定位)的局限性,难以为沿海城市及近海范围内的湿地的规划管控提供技术支持。到目前为止,我国也没有基于管理经验系统地制定出明确且操作性强的海岸带空间管控的法规或指导文件,对海岸带水鸟栖息地的保护十分不利。文章以滨海湿地为主要保护对象,以海岸带城市建设用地为主要控制对象,邀请水鸟专家、观鸟爱好者、海岸带城市居民及海岸带湿地保护区工作人员,采用“专家打分法”对17类滨海湿地和17类城市建设用地进行水鸟友好程度调查评估。在此基础上,结合已有的海岸带管控经验,提出我国海岸带各类湿地的建议保护距离和各类城市建设用地的建议退让距离,明确我国海岸带湿地保护及城市建设用地空间管制范围。Diverse coastal wetlands are important sanctuaries of water birds,and coastal environment has been severely damaged by large scale human development,which has made coastal area planning and governance extremely important.Due to the limits of GPS technology of water birds migration,China’s coastal area planning and management is still at primary stage,and relevant regulations are absent for the protection of water birds sanctuaries.On invitation,water birds experts,bird watching enthusiasts,coastal residents,and wetland protection staff participate in the investigation and evaluation of 17 kinds of coastal wetlands and 17 kinds of urban construction land uses by the method of“expert scoring”in order to better protect coastal wetland and control urban land uses.Learning from domestic and overseas coastal area governance experience,the paper further recommends the buffer distance of wetland protection and the concession distance of urban construction,and clarifies the spatial governance range of coastal wetland protection and urban construction.

关 键 词：海岸带规划 空间管制 水鸟友好 滨海湿地 城市建设用地 

分 类 号：TU984.18[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]