四川白河国家级自然保护区毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)活动节律及季节变化  

Activity Rhythm and Seasonal Changes of Elaphodus cephalophus in Baihe National Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

作　　者：刘明星 朱必清 王语洁 泽仁卓玛 房超 金贵祥 冷志成 官天培[1] 孙治宇[4] LIU Mingxing;ZHU Biqing;WANG Yujie;ZEREN Zhuoma;FANG Chao;JIN Guixiang;LENG Zhicheng;GUAN Tianpei;SUN Zhiyu(Ecological and Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Mianyang Normal University,Mianyang 621000,China;Baihe National Nature Reserve Administrative Bureau,Jiuzhaigou 6234000,China;Chengdu Leique Eco-environmental Protection Technology Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610064,China;Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院生态安全与保护四川省重点实验室,四川绵阳621000 [2]四川白河自然保护区管理处,四川九寨沟623400 [3]成都市雷雀生态环保科技有限公司,四川成都610064 [4]四川省林业科学研究院,四川成都610081

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2021年第2期27-32,共6页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：活动节律是动物内源节律应对环境压力的动态生活策略,反映了个体对资源与威胁的适应。毛冠鹿是广泛分布在西南山地森林中的优势有蹄类,但至今未见专题报道。2017年1月至2019年11月,笔者利用红外相机在四川白河国家级自然保护区对毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)进行了调查,分析了它们的活动节律及其季节性变化。结果显示:1)毛冠鹿具有明显的晨昏活动,分别在6:00—10:00时,16:00—20:00时活动强度最高;2)毛冠鹿的活动节律存在季节性变化,春季和夏季重叠指数最高(△^(-)=0.90),秋季和冬季重叠指数最低(△^(-)=0.78);春冬季相对于夏秋季,早上的活动高峰推迟,傍晚的活动高峰提前;3)毛冠鹿不具有明显的夜行性,但冬春季夜间活动明显高于夏秋季。我们认为极端温度和食物供给是其日活动节律季节变化的主要驱动因素。Activity rhythm is a dynamic life strategy of animal endogenous rhythm in response to environmental stress,which reflects the individual’s adaptation to resources and threats.Tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus)is the dominant ungulate species widely distributed in southwest mountain forests of China,but no special reports have been published on it so far.From January 2017 to November 2019,infrared cameras were used to investigate the Tufted deers in Baihe National Nature Reserve in Sichuan province,in order to reveal their activity rhythm and seasonal changes.The results showed that:1)Tufted deer had obvious typical dawn and dusk activity,with the highest activity intensity from 6:00 to10:00 and from 16:00 to 20:00 respectively.2)The seasonal changes of activity rhythm was apparent,with the highest overlapping index in spring and summer(△^(-)=0.90)and the lowest overlapping index in autumn and winter(△^(-)=0.78).Compared with summer and autumn,the activity peak in the morning was delayed and the activity peak in the evening was advanced in spring and winter.3)Tufted deer had no obvious nocturnal activity,but the nocturnal activity in winter and spring was obviously higher than that in summer and autumn.We believed that extreme temperature and food supply were the main drivers of seasonal variations of their daily activity rhythms.

关 键 词：有蹄类 山地森林 西南山地 活动节律 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]