858例对比剂致药品不良反应报告分析及探讨  

Analysis and Discussion of 858 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Contrast Mediums

作　　者：王莹 芦梦 陈星伟 丁征 郑英丽 WANG Ying;LU Meng;CHEN Xingwei;DING Zheng;ZHENG Yingli(Dept.of Pharmacy,Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院阜外医院药剂科,北京100037

出　　处：《中国医院用药评价与分析》2021年第2期250-252,256,共4页Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China

摘　　要：目的:了解及评价对比剂相关药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)发生特点及规律,并提出防治措施,为临床对比剂的安全使用提供参考。方法:回顾性总结和分析2010—2018年中国医学科学院阜外医院(以下简称"我院")进行影像学检查时使用对比剂发生ADR的报告。结果:2010—2018年我院共上报ADR报告1257例,其中对比剂致ADR报告858例(占68.26%),涉及对比剂5个品种,均为非离子型碘对比剂;ADR报告数排序居前3位的对比剂分别为碘普罗胺、碘海醇和碘克沙醇;对比剂致ADR以过敏反应为主,主要表现为皮疹、瘙痒、荨麻疹、面部潮红及口眼肿胀等。结论:对比剂在我院临床使用的安全性总体良好;用药过程中应密切观察,出现急性或严重的过敏反应时要准确识别、认真对待,做到及时正确救治,最大限度地保障患者的生命安全。OBJECTIVE:To investigate and evaluate the occurrence characteristics and rules of adverse drug reaction(ADR)induced by contrast mediums,and put forward prevention and treatment measures to provide reference for the safe use of contrast mediums in clinic.METHODS:Reports of ADR induced by contrast mediums in imaging examinations in Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(hereinafter referred to as"our hospital")from2010 to 2018 were retrospectively summarized and analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 1257 cases of ADR were reported in our hospital from 2010 to 2018,among which 858 cases(68.26%)were reported as ADR induced by contrast mediums,including 5 types of contrast mediums(non-ionic iodine contrast mediums).The top 3 contrast mediums ranked by the number of ADR reports were respectively iopromide,iohexol and iodixanol.ADR induced by contrast mediums was mainly allergic reactions,mainly manifested as rash,pruritus,urticaria,facial flushing and mouth and eye swelling.CONCLUSIONS:The safety of contrast mediums in clinical use in our hospital is generally good;close observation should be made during the medication process,and acute or severe allergic reactions should be accurately identified and treated seriously to ensure timely and correct treatment to maximize the safety of patients.

关 键 词：药品不良反应 对比剂 影像学 合理用药 

分 类 号：R981[医药卫生—药品]