精神分裂症患者居家自我管理现状及影响因素分析  

Current status and influencing factors of home-based self-management in patients with schizophrenia

作　　者：吴艳[1] 王珍宝[2] 马贵君[3] 王书芬[1] Wu Yan;Wang Zhenbao;Ma Guijun;Wang Shufen(First Department,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing 100096,China;Outpatient Department,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing 100096,China;Rehabilitation Department,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院一科,100096 [2]北京回龙观医院门诊部,100096 [3]北京回龙观医院康复科,100096

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2021年第9期1160-1165,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的调查精神分裂症患者居家自我管理能力现状及影响因素,为临床护理干预提供理论依据。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样法,选取2019年6—12月在北京市某三级甲等精神专科医院门诊就诊的220例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、精神分裂症患者自我管理量表进行调查。结果本研究共发放问卷220份,回收有效问卷207份,有效回收率为94.09%。精神分裂症患者居家自我管理量表得分为(63.51±9.55)分,得分率为47.58%。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、工作状态、家庭人均月收入、居住状况、经济负担、病程、住院次数、家人态度、社会支持的精神分裂症患者居家自我管理量表得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,年龄、婚姻状况、社会支持、经济负担是精神分裂症患者居家自我管理能力的影响因素(P<0.05),共解释总变异的36.0%。结论精神分裂症患者的居家自我管理能力亟待提高,医护人员应根据患者的不同特征实施护理干预或自我管理教育,以有效提高患者的自我管理能力,以促进其疾病康复,降低复发率,从而提高生活质量。Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of home-based self-management ability of patients with schizophrenia and to provide theoretical basis for clinical nursing intervention.Methods This study is a cross-sectional study.Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 220 patients with schizophrenia who were admitted to Outpatient Department of a ClassⅢGrade A Psychiatric hospital in Beijing from June to December 2019 were selected as the research objects.The General Information Questionnaire and Home-based Self-management Scale for Patients with Schizophrenia were used to investigate.Results In this study,a total of 220 questionnaires were distributed and 207 valid questionnaires were returned.The effective recovery rate was 94.09%.The score of Schizophrenia Self-Management Instrument Scale was(63.51±9.55),and the scoring rate was 47.58%.Univariate analysis showed that,the scores of Home-based Self-management Scale for Patients with Schizophrenia with different ages,marital status,education levels,working status,household monthly income per capita,living status,economic burden,courses of disease,times of hospitalization,family attitudes and social supports showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that,age,marital status,social support and economic burden were the influencing factors of home-based self-management ability of schizophrenia patients(P<0.05),accounting for 36.0%of the total variation.Conclusions The home-based self-management ability of patients with schizophrenia needs to be improved urgently.Medical staff should implement nursing intervention or self-management education according to the different characteristics of patients to effectively improve the self-management ability of patients,promote the recovery of the disease,reduce the recurrence rate and improve quality of life.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 居家护理 自我管理 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]