基于宏基因组学的野生动物肠道微生物研究进展  

Advances in Research on Wildlife Intestinal Microbes Based on Metagenomics

作　　者：赵宇卓[1] 吴尽[1] 杨天雄 姚茂林[1] 裴欣 付蓝仪 刘学东[1] ZHAO Yuzhuo;WU Jin;YANG Tianxiong;YAO Maolin;PEI Xin;FU Lanyi;LIU Xuedong(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2021年第2期568-574,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31671283);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2572019BE01)。

摘　　要：动物肠道中寄生着数以亿计的微生物,参与到动物机体中如代谢和免疫等重要的生理过程中。然而,在粪便等复杂样本中包含着大量微生物,无法通过纯培养技术进行研究,无法评估样本中的微生物多样性。通过宏基因组学技术可以对微生物群总DNA进行分析,使其成为目前研究复杂样本微生物结构和功能的重要工具。并且伴随高通量测序技术和生物信息学的进步,对微生物的分析流程也在不断地被改进。本文比较了在宏基因组学中普遍应用的标志基因扩增子分析和全宏基因组分析,对宏基因组技术在几类野生脊椎动物肠道微生物领域中的应用进行综述,以期使宏基因组技术在野生动物领域研究中拥有更加广泛的应用。Hundreds of millions of microbes inhabit animal intestines,and participate in important physiological processes such as metabolism and immunity of animals.However,complex samples such as faeces contain large numbers of bacteria that cannot be studied by pure culture methods,and the microbial diversity in the samples cannot be evaluated.Metagenomics has become an important tool for studying the structure and function of microorganisms in complex samples by analyzing the total DNA of the microbial community.And with the advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics,analysis of the microbiota is constantly being improved.This article compares marker gene amplicon analysis and whole metagenomic analysis commonly used in metagenomics,and reviews the applications of metagenomics technology in the field of vertebrate wildlife gut microbiology,with a view to making metagenomics technology more widely used in the field of wildlife research.

关 键 词：宏基因组学 肠道微生物群 野生动物 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]