正极性长空气间隙放电先导梯级发展特性  

Stepped Propagation Characteristics of Leader for Positive Discharge in Long Air Gaps

作　　者：王平[1] 刘晓敏[1] 律方成[1] 耿江海[1] 丁玉剑 姚修远 WANG Ping;LIU Xiaomin;LÜFangcheng;GENG Jianghai;DING Yujian;YAO Xiuyuan(Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Security Defense(North China Electric Power University),Baoding 071003,Hebei Province,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省输变电设备安全防御重点实验室(华北电力大学),河北省保定市071003 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市海淀区100192

出　　处：《电网技术》2021年第2期818-824,共7页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0900802);国家电网有限公司科技项目(GY71-17-013)。

摘　　要：先导放电是长空气间隙放电发展的主导过程,获得其放电通道光学形态和瞬时光功率幅值,对于分析先导发展特性具有重要意义。利用光电倍增管、高速相机等设备搭建了3m棒-板长空气间隙放电观测系统,对正极性标准操作冲击电压下放电发展过程中瞬时光功率进行测量,并同步拍摄了放电通道的光学图像,试验结果表明:在相同的操作冲击电压下,长间隙放电先导通道存在梯级发展的多个分支;利用光电倍增管响应速度快的特性,采集放电通道的瞬时光功率信号,结合高速相机拍摄的高速图像,获得了长空气间隙先导发展速度的时空分布特征,起始时发展速度较快,约为2.25×10^(5)m/s,随后先导头部流注受正电荷所形成的畸变电场的抑制,发展速度减缓至5.21×10^(4)m/s。试验观测数据进一步揭示了棒-板间隙先导发展的特征,可为后续棒-板长间隙试验以及物理模型研究提供参考。The leader development is the main process of long air gap discharge. It is of great significance to obtain the optical shape and instantaneous optical power information of the discharge channel for analyzing the characteristics of the leader development. Based on the photomultiplier tube, a comprehensive observation platform of 3-m rod-plane gap discharge is constructed with high-speed cameras and other equipment to measure the instantaneous optical power and simultaneously take the optical image of the discharge channel under the application of the positive standard switching impulse voltage. The test results show: At the same operating impulse voltage, there are several branches of stepped propagation in leader channel. Based on the instantaneous optical power signal of the discharge channel collected by the photomultiplier tube with the characteristics of rapid response, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the leader development speed are obtained by combining discharge process picture with the growth rate relatively fast at the beginning, about 2.25×10^(5)m/s;and the development rate slowed down to 5.21×10^(4) m/s subsequently when the flow of the leader head is inhibited by the distorted electric field generated by the positive charge. The experimental data in this paper further reveals the characteristics of the leader development of rod-plane discharge, which will provide reference for the follow-up rod-plane discharge test and physical model research.

关 键 词：先导 长间隙放电 光电倍增管 操作冲击 梯级发展 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]