241份菊芋种质资源地上部性状的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of the characters of aboveground part of 241 Helianthus tuberosus germplasm resources

作　　者：田闵玉 郭怡婷 任延靖 韩睿[1,2] 田丰 赵孟良[1,3] TIAN Minyu;GUO Yiting;REN Yanjing;HAN Rui;TIAN Feng;ZHAO Mengliang(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Qinghai University,Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology,Xining 810016,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [3]省部共建三江源生态和高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海大学,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2021年第2期17-26,共10页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660569);青海省科学技术厅重点实验室项目(2020-ZJ-Y02);青海省农林科学院创新基金项目(2018-NKY-006)。

摘　　要：为丰富我国菊芋种质资源库,拓展菊芋育种的遗传背景,本研究以241份菊芋种质资源为材料,对其地上部农艺性状进行调查,应用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析及隶属函数法进行综合评价与鉴定。结果表明:241份菊芋种质资源的10个农艺性状的变异系数分布在16.22%~55.74%,其中叶缘的变异系数最大(55.74%);相关性分析显示,叶长与叶宽、花朵数与株幅呈显著正相关(r=0.67,p<0.05;r=0.64,p<0.05);主成分分析将10个农艺性状综合为4个主成分因子,累计方差贡献率为75.30%;在遗传距离为10处可将241份菊芋种质资源分为2大类群,类群Ⅰ中包含13份种质资源,其株高、叶长、叶宽等明显较大。类群Ⅱ中又包含3个亚类群;241份菊芋种质资源的隶属函数均值在0.21~0.72,且隶属函数法评分高的种质资源与聚类分析中第一类群种质资源重合度高,具有一致性。241份菊芋种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,共筛选出适合观赏的种质资源4份,适合作为牧草的种质资源13份。本研究为加快我国菊芋种质资源的创新和新品种选育工作进程奠定了基础。In order to enrich the germplasm resources of Helianthus tuberosus and expand the genetic background of its breeding,241 Helianthus tuberosus germplasm resources are used to investigate the aboveground agronomic characters.The comprehensive evaluation and identification are carried out by correlation analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and membership function.The results show that the coefficient of variation of 10 agronomic characters of 241 resources ranges from 16.22% to 55.74%,among which the value of leaf margin is the largest(55.74%);correlation analysis shows that leaf length and leaf width,flower numbers and plant width are significantly correlated(r=0.67,p<0.05;r=0.64,p<0.05);10 agronomic characters are synthesized into 4 principal components by principal component analysis with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 75.30%;241 germplasm resources can be divided into two groups at 10 genetic distances.GroupⅠcontains 13 resources whose plant height,leaf length and leaf width are significantly large.Three subgroups are included in group Ⅱ.The mean value of membership functions of 241 resources is between 0.21 and 0.72,and the resources with high score of membership function are highly consistent with the resources of the first group in the cluster analysis.241 Helianthus tuberosus germplasm resources have rich genetic diversity.A total of 4 germplasm resources are suitable for ornamental and 13 germplasm resources are suitable for herbage.This study lays a foundation for accelerating the innovation of Helianthus tuberosus germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties in China.

关 键 词：菊芋 种质资源 地上部性状 多样性分析 

分 类 号：S632.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]