阿秒光源在材料领域的应用  

Attosecond light source in material science investigation

作　　者：郝文杰 翟燕妮 张倩瑜 赵继民[1,4,5] Wenjie Hao;Yanni Zhai;Qianyu Zhang;Jimin Zhao(Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics,Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;College of Physics,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China;School of Physics&Electronics,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;School of Physical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory,Dongguan 523808,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院物理研究所,北京凝聚态物理国家研究中心,北京100190 [2]四川大学物理科学与技术学院,成都610064 [3]湖南大学物理与微电子科学学院,长沙410082 [4]中国科学院大学物理科学学院,北京100049 [5]松山湖材料实验室,东莞523808

出　　处：《科学通报》2021年第8期856-864,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0303603,2016YFA0300300);国家自然科学基金(11774408);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB30000000);中国科学院对外合作项目(GJHZ1826);中国科学院创新交叉团队项目资助;北京市自然科学基金(4191003)。

摘　　要：21世纪以来,阿秒(attosecond,1 as=10^(-18)s)技术从诞生逐渐走向快速发展,为我们带来了前所未有的时间分辨(time-resolved)探测能力.以往飞秒(1 fs=10–15s)泵浦-探测(pump-probe)超快光谱技术被广泛应用于材料的超快动力学研究,其脉宽和光子能量可以很好地研究由外层电子决定的材料物性.阿秒技术的出现使我们有可能研究更快的物理过程以及由内层电子决定的物性.本文介绍阿秒瞬态吸收谱(attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy)、阿秒时间分辨角分辨光电子能谱(attosecond time-resolved angular-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy)和中红外超快光谱(mid-infrared ultrafast spectroscopy)等三种超快泵浦-探测技术及其在材料领域的典型应用实例,并对阿秒光源在材料领域的应用前景进行展望.Since the dawn of the 21 st century,attosecond(1 as=10^(-18) s)science has been explored and is now fast developing.It brought us the unprecedented time-resolved spectroscopy of quasiparticle dynamics in materials.To date,femtosecond(1 fs=10–15 s)time-resolved pump-probe technology is widely used to study the ultrafast quasiparticle dynamics of quantum materials,such as strong correlated quantum materials,topological materials,superconductors,and semiconductors.In a typical pump-probe experiment,the laser source will be divided into two beams,namely the pump and the probe beams.The pump beam excites the quasiparticles in target materials,and the time-delayed probe beam scans the ultrafast dynamics of the excited state carriers and the coherent lattice vibrations.By employing this method,we are able to observe the lifetimes due to various interactions,such as the electron-electron scattering,electron-phonon coupling,phonon-phonon scattering,etc.By manipulating the various laser pulse characteristic parameters,such as the photon energy,polarization,pulse duration and laser fluence,femtosecond ultrafast spectroscopy excels in investigating the physical properties of materials,which are largely determined by the outer electrons.To investigate the excited states of various materials,femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy is often conducted under extreme conditions,such as low temperature,strong magnetic field,and high pressure.As a comparison,attosecond ultrafast spectroscopy can not only get access to exploring even faster ultrafast processes,but also probe the inner shell electrons of various types of materials.Attosecond pulses are usually prepared by high-order harmonic generation(HHG).The most common way of generating HHG is in an atomic gas.The excited unbound electrons are accelerated to the nuclei,and the electron-core collisions lead to multiple ionizations.The photons are emitted as trains of ultra-shot pulses.Recently,HHG has also been realized in liquids and solids.The separation of isolated attosecond puls

关 键 词：阿秒 超快光谱 泵浦-探测 瞬态吸收谱 角分辨光电子谱 中红外 

分 类 号：TN24[电子电信—物理电子学]