水泵水轮机无叶区内部流场及压力脉动分析  

Analysis on flow structures and pressure pulsation in vanelessspace of reversible pump turbine

作　　者：王小龙[1] 刘德民[1,2] 刘小兵 唐雯[1] 徐连琛 WANG Xiaolong;LIU Demin;LIU Xiaobing;TANG Wen;XU Lianchen(Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery,Ministry of Education,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039;Research&Testing Center,Dongfang Electric Machinery,Deyang,Sichuan 618000)

机构地区：[1]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,成都610039 [2]东方电机有限公司研究试验中心,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2021年第4期59-72,共14页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279172);四川省流体机械重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(szjj2016-002);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2020M673568XB)。

摘　　要：对于高水头混流式水泵水轮机而言,其运行过程中的机组不稳定性主要源于机械内部的水力振动,而无叶区压力脉动作为其水力振动的主要原因,在一定情况下会引起机械的疲劳失效。本文通过数值模拟与模型试验相结合的方法对水泵水轮机模型在水轮机运行工况下无叶区内部流场和压力脉动进行了研究,通过数值模拟对无叶区内部流场不稳定性和活动导叶与转轮之间无叶区压力脉动的幅频特性,以及其随负荷变化的规律进行了分析,同时利用模型试验,通过粒子图像测速(particle image velocimetry,PIV)测试技术对无叶区内部流场进行了详细的研究分析,重点关注了水泵水轮机无叶区流场中旋涡结构的发生机理、发展规律以及其对无叶区压力脉动的重要影响。For a high-head Francis pump turbine,the instability during operation is mainly caused by hydraulic vibrations inside the machine.As a major cause of vibrations,the pressure pulsation in the vaneless space can possibly lead to fatigue failure under certain circumstances.This paper studies the flow field and pressure pulsation in the vaneless space between the guide vanes and runner of a model pump turbine under the generation conditions,by combining numerical simulations and physical model tests.We focus on the amplitude-frequency characteristics of flow instability and pressure pulsation,and analyze their variations under different loads.We also examine the flow field in detail on a physical model using particle image velocimetry(PIV).The mechanism and development of vortices and its influence on pressure pulsation in the vaneless space are emphasized.

关 键 词：压力脉动 无叶区 水泵水轮机 PIV 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TN734[电子电信—电路与系统]