职业性镉作业工人尿中酸性鞘磷脂酶活力和β_(2)微球蛋白含量的比较研究  

Comparative study on acid sphingomyelinase activity and β_(2) microglobulin content in urine of the cadmium exposure workers

作　　者：罗磊[1] 李娜 罗振华 汪琼[1] 严付华[1] 孙边成[1] 李继猛[1] LUO Lei;LI Na;LUO Zhen-hua;WANG Qiong;YAN Fu-hua;SUN Bian-cheng;LI Ji-meng(Department of Occupational Health,Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2021年第2期89-92,99,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：长沙市科技计划项目(项目编号:kq1801138)。

摘　　要：目的利用基准剂量法了解职业性镉暴露对作业工人尿中β_(2)微球蛋白(Uβ_(2)-MG)含量和酸性鞘磷脂酶(UASMase)活力的影响。方法选取某金属冶炼厂作业工人233人为研究对象,按照GBZ 188-2014《职业健康监护技术规范》的要求进行健康检查,测定尿中Uβ_(2)-MG含量和UASMase活力,以尿镉为暴露标志,以Uβ_(2)-MG含量和UASMase活力为效应标志,利用基准剂量法评估接触低剂量镉作业工人的肾脏损伤程度。结果镉接触组和对照组作业工人尿镉浓度分别为(4.96±4.26)和(1.73±1.32)μg/g Cr(微克/克肌酐),接触组高于对照组且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。以Linear为最优模型,估算尿镉基准剂量,当以UASMase含量为效应标志时,尿镉BMDL值为14.42μg/g Cr,以Uβ_(2)-MG活力为效应标志时,尿镉BMDL值为15.54μg/g Cr。结论职业性镉暴露可造成作业工人肾脏受损,Uβ_(2)-MG含量在反映肾脏功能损害的敏感性方面优于UASMase活力。Objective To investigate characteristics of acid sphingomyelinase(UASMase)activity andβ_(2)microglobulin(Uβ_(2)-MG)content of urine in occupational cadmium-exposed workers.Methods According to technical specifications for occupational health surveillance(GBZ 188-2014),the data on 233 cadmium-exposed workers was collected through health examination and UASMase activity determination.The urine cadmium was used as exposure biomarker,while Uβ_(2)-MG and UASMase as effect biomakers for renel injury.Then the BMD/BMDL of urine cadmium were measured by BMDS.Results Compared with control group,Uβ_(2)-MG level of the exposure group was(4.96±4.26)μg/g Cr(P<0.01).While Uβ_(2)-MG as effect biomakers,the BMDL of urine cadmium were 14.42μg/g Cr caculated by Linear model.While UASMase as effect biomakers,the BMDL of urine cadmium were 15.54μg/g Cr caculated by Linear model.Conclusions Occupational cadmium exposure may cause the changes of acid sphingomyelinase activity,and Uβ_(2)-MG could be as a more sensitive marker for monitoring early renal injury than UASMase.

关 键 词：职业暴露 尿镉 酸性鞘磷脂酶活力 基准剂量 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]