大型铅锌矿附近儿童血铅和尿铅水平及其影响因素  

Lead in blood and urine among children living near to a large-scale lead and zinc mining enterprise

作　　者：李德璇 徐正良 李亚山 谭红丽 张贝基 LI De-xuan;XU Zheng-liang;LI Ya-shan;TAN Hong-li;ZHANG Bei-ji(Department of Laboratory,the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650031,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省第三人民医院检验科,云南昆明650011

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2021年第2期114-117,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解云南某大型铅锌矿企附近儿童铅污染的情况及其影响因素。方法于2016年8月7-18日,选择居住在云南省某大型铅锌矿企附近24个村小组的1380名儿童进行血铅、尿铅测定。结果血铅中位数为66.0μg/L(1.0~450μg/L),血铅异常儿童占24.3%,其中高铅血症占18.1%,铅中毒率为6.2%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,男性、大龄、居住地离核心矿区500 m范围内是儿童患高铅血症和铅中毒的危险因素(P<0.01)。男童尿铅中位数为0.5μg/L(0.5~174μg/L),检出率为4.4%,超标率为0.4%。尿铅用于诊断儿童铅中毒其ROC(AUC)为0.513,P>0.05。饮用水均未检出铅。结论云南某大型铅锌矿企附近居住儿童已存在不同程度的血铅超标,血铅超标率与性别、年龄、距离有关。Objective To understand lead exposure by children living near to a large-scale lead and zinc mining enterprise in Yunnan and its influencing factors.Methods Blood and urine lead levels were determined in 1,380 children from 24 villages near a large-scale lead and zinc mining enterprise from August 7 to 18,2016.Results Median blood lead was 66μg/L(range,1-450μg/L).Children with abnormal blood lead level were accounted for 24.3%,of which 18.1%had high level of blood lead,and lead poisoning rate was 6.2%.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors which caused high blood lead and lead poisoning of children were male,being older and residence within 500 meters of core mining areas(P<0.01).Median urine lead was 0.5μg/L(range,0.5-174.0μg/L),with a detection rate of 4.4%and an exceeding standard rate of 0.4%.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)of urine lead diagnosing lead poisoning in children was 0.513(P>0.05).Lead was not detected in drinking water.Conclusions Children living near to the large-scale lead and zinc mining enterprise in Yunnan present varying degrees of lead poisoning,lead overdose was associated with gender,age and distance to the mining enterprise.

关 键 词：儿童 铅中毒 矿区 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]