一次由列车效应引发的湖南暴雨研究  

Study On A Rainstorm Caused By Train Effect In Hunan Province

作　　者：李婷[1] 蔡杏芳 童洁 肖诗尧 黄卓禹 刘久国 LI Ting(Shaanxi Lightning Protection Center,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710014)

机构地区：[1]陕西省防雷中心,陕西西安710014 [2]湖南省娄底市气象局,湖南娄底417000

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2020年第9期40-43,共4页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41790471)。

摘　　要：根据常规观测资料和NCEP再分析资料,分析2019年5月12日湖南暴雨天气的发生发展成因、预报偏差及偏差原因等。结果表明∶(1)北侧深厚宽广的低槽与南侧带状副高,南北两个系统的稳定对峙有利于高空西风急流的维持和增强,同时,也有利于中低层系统的稳定少动;(2)地面冷空气渗透入高饱和湿区的地面暖倒槽内,有利于对流天气的触发、发展和维持;(3)在一致强的西风气流引导下,降水系统东传特征明显,由冷空气渗透南下引起的锋区伸展高度逐渐降低,并与在沿山脉附近则是多南北两支气流形成的中小尺度扰动系统合并,进一步促进降水的发生和持续;(4)副高的稳定维持致使偏南风的稳定维持不利于系统南落,是中低层切变线稳定维持在强降水的主要原因;(5)高效率的低质心降水及列车效应的维持是强降水持续发生的直接原因,而地形与局地大暴雨的发生关系十分密切。Based on the conventional observation data and NCEP reanalysis data,the causes of the occurrence and development of the rainstorm in Hunan Province on May 12,2019,as well as the forecast deviation and deviation reasons are analyzed.The results show that:(1)The stable confrontation between the deep and broad low trough in the north and the ribbed subtropical high in the south is conducive to the maintenance and enhancement of the upper westerly jet and the stability and less movement of the middle and low level system;(2)The surface cold air permeates into the surface warm inverted trough in the high saturation wet region,which is conducive to the triggering,development and maintenance of convective weather;(3)Under the guidance of uniformly strong westerly air flow,the eastward transmission characteristics of the precipitation system are obvious,and the extension height of the front zone caused by the cold air infiltration southward decreases gradually,and it merges with the mesoscale disturbance system formed by multiple north-south air flows along the mountains,which further promotes the occurrence and persistence of precipitation.(4)The stable maintenance of the subtropical high makes the stable maintenance of the southerly wind not conducive to the southward setting of the system,which is the main reason for the stable maintenance of the shear line in the middle and low level at heavy rainfall;(5)The high efficiency of low quality precipitation and the maintenance of train effect are the direct reasons for the continuous occurrence of heavy rainfall,while the terrain is closely related to the occurrence of local heavy rainfall.

关 键 词：暴雨 稳定维持 东传 锋区 列车效应 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]