废弃电子垃圾拆解地野生鱼类卤系阻燃剂残留  

Residues of halogenated flame retardants in wild fish from an abandoned e-waste site in South China

作　　者：吴江平 冯文露 吴思康 胡钰 麦碧娴[2] WU Jiang-ping;FENG Wen-lu;WU Si-kang;HU Yu;MAI Bi-xian(School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China;Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,安徽芜湖241002 [2]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第4期1886-1892,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22076002);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2008085MD123)。

摘　　要：为了解废弃拆解地环境中电子垃圾相关污染物的含量水平及其生态风险,本文测试了华南某废弃电子垃圾拆解地野生鲮鱼和鲫鱼体内多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)、多溴联苯(PBBs)、得克隆(DP)和替代型溴系阻燃剂(ABFRs)等卤系阻燃剂(HFRs)的含量和组成,评估了这些污染物对于野生鱼类及食鱼野生动物的生态风险.电子垃圾拆解地鲮鱼和鲫鱼体内∑HFRs的含量范围分别为1230~1680和141~650ng/g,高于对照区1~2个数量级,表明虽然粗犷的电子垃圾回收活动已禁止多年,当地野生鱼类仍然受到HFRs严重污染.PBDEs是鱼体内最主要的HFRs,鲮鱼和鲫鱼体内其分别占∑HFRs的96%和89%.鲮鱼和鲫鱼体内HFRs含量和组成均存在显著差异,可能与其生活习性、营养级和脂肪含量不同有关.风险评估结果显示,PBDEs对野生鱼类及食鱼野生动物均具有较大的生态风险.Due to its serious environmental pollution, crude e-waste dismantling has been banned in China, leaving many abandoned e-waste sites. However, the levels and the ecological risks of e-waste derived contaminants in these sites were not fully understood. In the present study, the concentrations of several halogenated flame retardants(HFRs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs), polybrominated biphenyls(PBBs), Dechlorane Plus(DP) and alternative brominated flame retardants(ABFRs), were examined in wild mud carps and crucian carps collected from an abandoned e-waste site in South China. The concentrations of ∑HFRs in mud carps and crucian carps ranged from 1230 to 1680 ng/g and from 141 to 650 ng/g, respectively. These concentrations were 1~2 orders of magnitude higher than those detected in the same species from a reference site, suggesting heavy contamination of HFRs, despite of the fact that primitive e-waste recycling has been regulated for several years. Among the HFRs measured, PBDEs were detected at the highest concentrations contributing 96% and 89% to ∑HFRs in mud carp and crucian carp, respectively. There were significant differences in both the concentrations, and compositions of HFRs between mud carp and crucian carp, possibly resulting from the differences in the feeding habits, trophic level and lipid content between the two fish species. The result of risk assessment showed that PBDEs posed an important risk both for the fish and for piscivorous wildlife.

关 键 词：卤系阻燃剂 多溴联苯醚 电子垃圾 野生鱼类 生态风险 

分 类 号：X503.225[环境科学与工程—环境工程]