高熔点石蜡处理木材的抗紫外光老化性能  

The Ultraviolet-Light Aging Properties of Wood Treated with High-Melting-Point Waxes

作　　者：王政[1] 杨茗麟 肖泽芳 王海刚 王永贵[1] 梁大鑫 谢延军 Wang Zheng;Yang Minglin;Xiao Zefang;Wang Haigang;Wang Yonggui;Liang Daxin;XieYanjun(Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials,Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]木质新型材料教育部工程研究中心(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2021年第4期85-93,共9页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31890772)。

摘　　要：采用两种不同熔点费托蜡(FTW2120和FTW1105H)在熔融状态下对人工速生林杨木和辐射松进行真空-压力浸渍处理,系统评价了两种费托蜡对处理材抗紫外老化性能的影响。结果表明:两种费托蜡处理木材密度均较素材提高近2倍,表明费托蜡在熔融状态下能充分渗透进入木材。紫外照射过程中木材表面颜色变化主要发生在前120 h,未处理材表面颜色由浅黄色向黄褐色变化,而费托蜡处理材则由浅棕色向黄棕色变化,处理材的色差明显小于未处理材。紫外光照射期间,处理材比未处理材的含水率低、接触角高,这有助减少户外应用时由水导致的劣化。FTIR与XPS分析结果显示,费托蜡处理虽然并不能从化学防护角度保护木质素等细胞壁组分免于紫外光降解,但蜡在木材细胞腔中均一沉积可以起到物理屏蔽作用,阻隔紫外光到达木材细胞。综上所述,人工老化结果显示,费托蜡处理的人工林杨木和辐射松木材具有户外应用的潜能。Two Fiseher-tropsch waxes, FTW2120 and FTW1105 H, were melted and impregnated into fast-growing poplar and radiate pine woods under vacuum-pressure, and the effects of the wax treatments on the resistance of woods to ultraviolet(UV) irradiation were systematically evaluated thereafter. The results showed that both waxes exhibited a full penetration at melting state and the density of the treated woods increased two times. The color of woods mainly changed in the initial 120 h of UV irradiation;the color difference of the untreated woods was considerably greater than the treated woods after the irradiation. The wax-treated woods exhibited lower moisture content and higher water contact angle than the untreated ones, which may facilitate to reduce the water-related deterioration of wood during outdoor weathering. By FT-IR and XPS, both waxes cannot chemically protect lignin of woods from UV photodegrading, but can physically shield the wood from UV light due to incorporation of wax in the woods. Therefore, the wax treated poplar and radiate pine woods have a potential for use outdoors.

关 键 词：高熔点石蜡 木材处理 紫外光 褪色 光降解 

分 类 号：S781.7[农业科学—木材科学与技术]