水系锌离子电池用钒基正极材料的研究进展  

Research Progresses on Vanadium-Based Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

作　　者：衡永丽 谷振一 郭晋芝[2] 吴兴隆[1,2] Yongli Heng;Zhenyi Gu;Jinzhi Guo;Xinglong Wu(Faculty of Chemistry,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,P.R.China;Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学化学学院,长春130024 [2]东北师范大学,紫外光发射材料与技术教育部重点实验室,长春130024

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2021年第3期11-26,共16页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91963118);吉林省科技厅自然科学基金(20200201066JC);吉林省教育厅“十三五”科技计划(JJKH20201179KJ)资助项目。

摘　　要：水系锌离子电池(aqueous zinc-ion batteries,AZIBs)具有高安全性、低生产成本、锌资源丰富和环境友好等优点,被认为是未来大规模储能系统中极具发展前景的储能装置。目前,AZIBs的研究关键之一在于开发具有稳定结构和高容量的锌离子可脱嵌正极材料。钒基化合物用作AZIBs正极时,表现出可逆容量高和结构丰富可变等特点,受到了广泛的关注和研究。然而,钒基化合物的储锌机理较复杂,不同材料通常表现出各异的电化学性能和储能机理。在本综述中,我们全面地阐述了钒基化合物的储能机制,并探讨了钒基材料在水系锌离子电池中的应用和发展近况,以及它们的性能优化策略。在此基础上,也进一步地展望了水系锌离子电池及其钒基正极材料的发展方向。In the past few decades,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have dominated the market of rechargeable batteries and are extensively applied in the field of electronic devices(e.g.,mobile phones and computers).However,lack of lithium resources,high cost of lithium as well as toxic and flammable organic electrolytes significantly hinder further development and large-scale application of LIBs.Therefore,it is necessary to develop next-generation green rechargeable batteries to replace LIBs.Recently,aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been considered as energy storage devices with substantial development prospects for future large-scale storage systems owing to their high safety performance,low production cost,abundant zinc resources,and environmental friendliness.Typically,we use zinc metal as the anode with neutral or weakly acidic aqueous electrolyte(pH:3.6–6.0).However,cathode materials have high requirements for AZIBs while considering the charge effect of multivalent metal ions.Currently,one of the research emphases is to develop suitable zinc ion intercalation cathode materials with stable structures and high capacities.Among all types of cathode materials,vanadium-based compounds have the advantages of low cost and high reversible capacity.Additionally,their structure is variable,mainly including layered,tunneled and natrium super ionic conductor(NASICON)structure.Therefore,vanadium-based compounds have clear application possibility in AZIBs.However,there are still several significant problems.In particular,vanadium-based compounds generally have poor conductivity and low voltage platform.Electrochemical performance can be significantly improved mainly by pre-inserting metal ions or water molecules,optimizing the electrolyte,and controlling morphology of nanomaterials(nanosheets,nanospheres,etc.).In addition,the zinc storage mechanism in vanadium-based compounds is more complicated and controversial,including Zn^(2+)intercalation/deintercalation mechanism,co-insertion mechanism,and conversion reaction mechanism.Mor

关 键 词：水系锌离子电池 正极材料 钒基化合物 电解液 储能机制 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]