重晶石滤饼堵塞机理与螯合解堵决策技术论评  

Dissolution of Barite Filter Cake Using Chelating Agents:A review of Mechanisms,Diagnosis and Removal Strategies

作　　者：韦仲进 周风山[1,2,3] 徐同台 WEI Zhongjin;ZHOU Fengshan;XU Tongtai(China University of Geosciences Beijing,School of Materials Science and Technology,Beijing 100083;Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes,Beijing 100083;National Laboratory of Mineral Materials,Beijing 100083;Beijing Shidahuyang Petroleum Sci-Tech Development Company Ltd.,Beijing 102200)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]非金属矿物和固废资源材料化利用北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [3]矿物材料国家专业实验室,北京100083 [4]北京石大胡扬石油科技发展有限公司,北京102200

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2020年第6期685-693,共9页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

摘　　要：钻井液加重剂重晶石在储层中的迁移、转化、沉淀形成了难以酸溶的重晶石泥饼,对油气藏造成严重伤害,需要安全可靠地解除重晶石堵塞。而对重晶石堵塞重视程度不够、堵塞机理与解堵机制不明、解堵决策设计不当、投入产出得不偿失、商家技术保密等种种原因,制约了我国重晶石解堵技术的进步。以氨基多羧酸盐为主要组分的螯合型解堵剂是解除重晶石堵塞最有前途的工艺选择,而螯合剂结构(氨基种类、羧基数量、环链大小、化学稳定性等)、金属离子的性质(电荷、离子半径、电离电位或碱度、共伴生金属离子等)、介质环境(pH值、温度、压力等)等对重晶石的溶解效应都有较大影响。经济高效的螯合型解堵剂及其解堵工艺的设计必须要考虑不同螯合剂的解堵特点、使用浓度、催化剂、碱性转化剂、聚合物溶蚀剂、井底温度、环境友好性、腐蚀性、地层岩石基质、解堵过程造成的二次储层伤害等因素。借助滤饼溶蚀、溶蚀产物组分及形貌、岩心流动等现代实验技术测评,精心设计解堵剂注入量、注入压力、浸泡时间、返排液处理等螯合解堵工艺细节,以便全面了解重晶石堵塞机理、螯合型解堵剂设计及其在油气田重晶石解堵决策中的应用。综述了近几年先行研究者在解除重晶石滤饼堵塞方面所做的比较系统的工作,希望能为读者提供一个新视角,以提高我国钻井液与完井液技术创新水平。As a weighting agent of drilling fluid,barite is easy to migrate,transform and precipitate in the reservoir to form acid insoluble barite mud cake,which causes serious damage to oil and gas reservoir.Therefore,it is necessary to remove the blockage of barite safely and reliably.However,many reasons,such as put too little emphasis on barite blocking,unclear mechanism of barite blocking and removal,improper design of removal methods,large investment but poor output,confidentiality of business,et al,have restricted the progress of remove barite blockage technology in China.The chelating agent with amino polycarboxylate as the main component is the most promising process choice for removing the barite blockage,while the chelating agent structure(amino group type,carboxyl number,ring chain size,chemical stability,et al),the properties of metal ions(charge,ion radius,ionization potential or alkalinity,co-associated metal ions,et al),medium environment(pH,temperature,pressure,et al)and so on,have a profound influence on the dissolution of barite.The economic and efficient design of chelating barite blocking remover and its removal process must take removal characteristics of different chelators,concentration,catalyst,converting agent,polymer breaker,bottom temperature,environment friendly,corrosiveness,formation rock matrix,secondary reservoir damage caused by removal process and other factors into account.With the help of modern experimental technique evaluation,such as filtrate cake dissolution,dissolution product composition and morphology,core flow,et al.,and carefully design the details of chelating removal process,such as injection volume,injection pressure,soaking time,flow-back fluid treatment,et al,so as to fully understand the mechanism of barite blocking,the design of chelating removal agent and its application in oil and gas fields.In this paper,the systematic work of removing the blockage of barite filter cake is reviewed,which done by the previous researchers in recent years.Hoping to provide a new perspec

关 键 词：钻井液 重晶石滤饼 地层堵塞 螯合解堵剂 综述 

分 类 号：TE254.4[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程] TE258