超吸水改性棉纤维膜的制备及其性能  

Preparation and performance of super absorbent modified cotton fiber membrane

作　　者：谢婉婷 刘其海[1,2,3] 贾振宇 朱小花[3] 王荣辉 XIE Wanting;LIU Qihai;JIA Zhenyu;ZHU Xiaohua;WANG Ronghui(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China;Guangdong Weiqian Technology Co. , Ltd. , Foshan, Guangdong 528216, China;Zhanjiang Botai Bio-Chemical Technology Industrial Co. , Ltd. , Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524051, China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院化学化工学院,广东广州510225 [2]广东维芊科技有限公司,广东佛山528216 [3]湛江博泰生物化工科技实业有限公司,广东湛江524051

出　　处：《纺织学报》2021年第4期48-54,共7页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2017A010103024,2020B121202014);广东省促进经济发展专项资金资助项目(粤自然资源合[2019]016号);湛江市海洋经济创新发展示范市建设项目(湛海创2017C4A);佛山市(南海区)科技创新项目(FS0AA-KJ919-4402-0057)。

摘　　要：为制备具有较高吸水性及稳定性的超吸水纤维膜,首先利用氯乙酸对NaOH碱化处理后的棉纤维进行改性制备吸水纤维,然后通过溶液分散法将吸水纤维在水中分散成膜制备超吸水纤维膜材料。对纤维膜材料的表面结构、化学结构、结晶结构、热稳定性、羧甲基取代度、吸水性能及力学性能进行表征与分析。结果表明:对棉纤维进行碱化处理可促进氯乙酸与棉纤维之间取代反应的进行,氯乙酸的用量直接影响棉纤维上羧甲基的取代度,并对膜吸水性能的提高产生重要影响,但其用量过高会使纤维膜的拉伸强度显著下降;在羧甲基取代度约为0.264时,吸水纤维膜材料吸水后形态保持比较完整,并具有相对良好的力学性能,其吸水倍率可达约163.3倍,保水倍率可达约73.7倍。In order to prepare super absorbent fiber membranes with higher water absorption and stability,the cotton fibers alkalized by NaOH were modified by the chloroacetic acid to enhance the water absorbence,and then the water-absorbent fibers were dispersed in water to prepare a super absorbent fiber membrane material.The surface structure,chemical structure,crystalline structure,thermal stability,the degree of carboxymethyl substitution,water absorption and mechanical properties of the fiber membrane material were eveluated and analyzed.The results show that alkali treatment to cotton fiber can promote the substitution reaction between chloroacetic acid and cotton fiber,and the amount of chloroacetic acid directly affects the degree of carboxymethyl substitution of cotton fiber,which has an important impact on the improvement in water absorption performance of the membrane.However,too high a dosage will significantly reduce the tensile strength of the fiber membrane.When the degree of carboxymethyl substitution is about 0.264,the shape of the absorbent fiber membrane material remains relatively complete after absorbing water,and has generally good mechanical properties,and its water absorption rate can reach 163.3 times,with the water retention rate reaching more than 73.7 times.

关 键 词：超吸水纤维膜 氯乙酸 亲水改性 吸水材料 羧甲基取代度 棉纤维 

分 类 号：TS102.6[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]