态选择电荷交换实验测量以及对天体物理软X射线发射模型的检验  

Experimental measurement of state-selective charge exchange and test of astrophysics soft X-ray emission model

作　　者：徐佳伟 许传喜 张瑞田[1,2] 朱小龙 冯文天[1] 赵冬梅 梁贵云[5] 郭大龙[1] 高永[1] 张少锋[1,2] 苏茂根[3,4] 马新文[1,2] Xu Jia-Wei;Xu Chuan-Xi;Zhang Rui-Tian;Zhu Xiao-Long;Feng Wen-Tian;Zhao Dong-Mei;Liang Gui-Yun;Guo Da-Long;Gao Yong;Zhang Shao-Feng;Su Mao-Gen;Ma Xin-Wen(Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100084,China;Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics&Functional Material of Gansu Province,College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Joint Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics in Extreme Environments,Northwest Normal University and Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100084 [3]西北师范大学物理与电子学院,甘肃省原子分子物理与功能材料重点实验室,兰州730000 [4]西北师范大学与中科院近代物理研究所极端环境原子分子物理联合实验室,兰州730000 [5]中国科学院国家天文台,光学天文重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《物理学报》2021年第8期20-27,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2017YFA0402400,2017YFA0402300);中国科学院战略先导科技专项(批准号:XDB34020000)资助的课题。

摘　　要：在高温天体等离子体环境中,低能高电荷态离子与中性原子和分子之间的电荷交换是天体物理环境中软X射线发射的重要机制之一.电荷交换软X射线发射相关的天体物理建模需要大量的主量子数n和角量子数l分辨的态选择俘获截面数据,目前这类数据主要来自于经典或者半经典的原子碰撞理论模型.本文利用反应显微成像谱仪,系统测量了炮弹能量为1.6—20.0 keV/u Ne~(8+)与He的单电子俘获n分辨的态选择俘获截面.将测得的相对态选择截面与多通道Landau-Zener方法以及分子库仑过垒模型计算的结果进行比较,发现理论模型计算结果与实验测量结果在弱反应通道上存在显著差异.进一步结合天体物理中常用的l分布模型,计算了1.6和2.4 keV/u Ne~(8+)与He之间电荷交换中的软X射线发射谱,通过与近期实验测量的X射线谱比较,发现计算的软X射线谱强度明显偏离已有的测量值.这些研究表明,多通道Landau-Zener方法、分子库仑过垒模型以及l分布模型在定量描述电荷交换态选择截面时存在一定的不足,如果将这些理论模型应用于天体物理的X射线背景研究中,可能导致对天体等离子体参数的描述不够准确.Charge exchange,or electron capture,between highly charged ions and atoms and molecules has been considered as one of important mechanisms controlling soft X-ray emissions in many astrophysical objects and environments.However,to model charge exchange soft X-ray emission,astrophysicists commonly use principal quantum number n and angular momentum quantum numberl resolved state-selective capture cross section data,which are usually obtained by empirical and semi-classical theory calculations.The accuracy of the theoretical model is the key to constructing an accurate X-ray spectrum.With a newly-built cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy apparatus,we perform a series of precise state-selective cross section measurements on Ne8+ions’single electron capture with He targets,with the projectile energy ranging from 1.4 to 20 keV/u.The experimentally measured Q value spectrum shows that the process of electron captured to state of Ne7+with n=4 is the main reaction channel,and that with n=3 and 5 are the small reaction channels.Using Gaussian curve to fit the area of each channel on the Q value spectrum and normalizing the area of all channels,we obtain the n-resolved relative state-selective cross section.By comparing the measured relative cross sections with the results calculated by the multichannel Landau-Zener method and molecular Coulomb over-barrier model,significant difference among the strengths of small reaction channels is found.Specifically,the multichannel Landau-Zener method overestimates the contribution of n=2 channel and n=3 channel,and underestimates the contribution of n=5 channel.The molecular Coulomb over-barrier model overestimates the contribution of n=5 channel and underestimates the contribution of n=3 channel.The significant difference between the theoretical model calculation and experimental measurement is due to the limitations of semiclassical theoretical method and classical theoretical method.Furthermore,with l distribution models commonly used in the astrophysical literature,incl

关 键 词：反应显微成像谱仪 电荷交换 态选择俘获 软X射线 

分 类 号：P14[天文地球—天体物理]