基于反角白光中子源次级质子的探测器标定  

Detector calibration based on secondary protons of Back-n white neutron source

作　　者：蒋伟 江浩雨 易晗 樊瑞睿[1,2,4] 崔增琪 孙康 张国辉 唐靖宇[1,2] 孙志嘉[1,2,4] 宁常军 高可庆[1,2] 安琪 白怀勇 鲍杰 鲍煜 曹平[4,6] 陈昊磊 陈琪萍[8] 陈永浩 陈裕凯 陈朕[1,2] 封常青 顾旻皓[1,4] 韩长材 韩子杰 贺国珠 何泳成 洪杨[1,2,5] 黄翰雄[7] 黄蔚玲 黄锡汝 季筱璐[1,4] 吉旭阳[4,10] 姜智杰[4,6] 敬罕涛 康玲 康明涛[1,2] 李波[1,2] 李超 李嘉雯 李论[1,2] 李强 李晓 李样 刘荣[8] 刘树彬 刘星言[8] 栾广源 穆奇丽[1,2] 齐斌斌 任杰[7] 任智洲 阮锡超 宋朝晖[9] 宋英鹏 孙虹 孙晓阳[1,2,5] 谭志新 唐洪庆[7] 唐新懿 田斌斌 王丽娇[1,2,5] 王鹏程 王琦[7] 王涛峰 王朝辉 文杰 温中伟 吴青彪[1,2] 吴晓光 吴煊[1,2] 解立坤 羊奕伟 于莉[1,2] 余滔 于永积 张林浩[1,2,5] 张奇玮 张显鹏[9] 张玉亮[1,2] 张志永[4,6] 赵豫斌[1,2] 周路平[1,2,5] 周祖英[7] 朱丹阳[4,6] 朱科军[7] 朱鹏[4,6] Jiang Wei;Jiang Hao-Yu;Yi Han;Fan Rui-Rui;Cui Zeng-Qi;Sun Kang;Zhang Guo-Hui;Tang Jing-Yu;Sun Zhi-Jia;Ning Chang-Jun;Gao Ke-Qing;An Qi;Bai Huai-Yong;Bao Jie;Bao Yu;Cao Ping;Chen Hao-Lei;Chen Qi-Ping;Chen Yong-Hao;Chen Yu-Kai;Chen Zhen;Feng Chang-Qing;Gu Min-Hao;Han Chang-Cai;Han Zi-Jie;He Guo-Zhu;He Yong-Cheng;Hong Yang;Huang Han-Xiong;Huang Wei-Ling;Huang Xi-Ru;Ji Xiao-Lu;Ji Xu-Yang;Jiang Zhi-Jie;Jing Han-Tao;Kang Ling;Kang Ming-Tao;Li Bo;Li Chao;Li Jia-Wen;Li Lun;Li Qiang;Li Xiao;Li Yang;Liu Rong;Liu Shu-Bin;Liu Xing-Yan;Luan Guang-Yuan;Mu Qi-Li;Qi Bin-Bin;Ren Jie;Ren Zhi-Zhou;Ruan Xi-Chao;Song Zhao-Hui;Song Ying-Peng;Sun Hong;Sun Xiao-Yang;Tan Zhi-Xin;Tang Hong-Qing;Tang Xin-Yi;Tian Bin-Bin;Wang Li-Jiao;Wang Peng-Cheng;Wang Qi;Wang Tao-Feng;Wang Zhao-Hui;Wen Jie;Wen Zhong-Wei;Wu Qing-Biao;Wu Xiao-Guang;Wu Xuan;Xie Li-Kun;Yang Yi-Wei;Yu Li;Yu Tao;Yu Yong-Ji;Zhang Lin-Hao;Zhang Qi-Wei;Zhang Xian-Peng;Zhang Yu-Liang;Zhang Zhi-Yong;Zhao Yu-Bin;Zhou Lu-Ping;Zhou Zu-Ying;Zhu Dan-Yang;Zhu Ke-Jun;Zhu Peng(Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Spallation Neutron Source Science Center,Dongguan 523803,China;State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Modern Physics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data,China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China;Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China;Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China;Department of Engineering and Applied Physics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;School of Physics,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049 [2]散裂中子源科学中心,东莞523803 [3]北京大学物理学院,核物理与核技术国家重点实验室,北京100871 [4]核探测与核电子学国家重点实验室 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [6]中国科学技术大学近代物理系,合肥230026 [7]中国原子能科学研究院,核数据重点实验室,北京102413 [8]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,绵阳621900 [9]西北核技术研究院,西安710024 [10]中国科学技术大学工程与应用物理系,合肥230026 [11]北京航空航天大学物理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《物理学报》2021年第8期28-36,共9页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2016YFA0401604);国家自然科学基金(批准号:12005115);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金联合基金(批准号:2019A1515110287)资助的课题.

摘　　要：目前国内外的质子标定终端较少,且普遍为单能质子束流.基于中国散裂中子源的反角白光中子源的eV—200 MeV中子能量区间的白光中子束流,以及中子与氢的~1H(n, el)反应,可以获得宽能谱的能量连续次级质子.利用1 GSps采样率、12 bit的波形数字化获取系统采集探测器输出波形信号,通过对波形信号的分析,得到中子及反冲质子的飞行时间,进而得到反冲质子的动能.利用该方法得到的质子,为探测器质子标定等研究提供了新的研究平台.在该研究平台已经开展了带电粒子望远镜的标定实验.研究了CsI (Tl)探测器不同的信号读出方式对望远镜的DE-E二维谱、幅度-质子动能二维谱等粒子鉴别方法得到的粒子鉴别的效果,得到了较优的探测器信号读出方案.该研究为带电粒子望远镜的建设提供了实验依据,也说明了基于反角白光中子源的宽能谱质子标定的可行性.At present,there exist few proton-beam terminals for the detector calibration in the world.Meanwhile,most of these terminals provide monoenergetic protons.Back-n white neutron source from China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)was put into operation in 2018.Based on the white neutron flux ranging from 0.5 eV to200 MeV from the CSNS Back-n white neutron source,continuous-energy protons involved in a wide energy spectrum can be acquired from the 1H(n,el)reaction.Adopting this method,a new research platform for researches such as proton calibration is realized at CSNS.As hydrogen exists as gas at normal temperature and pressure,in the selecting of the proton-converting target,the hydrogen-rich compounds are preferential considered.Considering the reaction cross sections of the 1H(n,el),12C(n,p)12B,12C(n,d)11B,12C(n,t)10B,12C(n,3He)10Be,12C(n,α)9Be and 1H(n,γ)2H,polyethylene and polypropylene are suitable for serving as targets in this research.Based on a 3 U PXIe,digitizers with 1 GSps sampling rate and 12 bit resolution are utilized to digitize and record the output signals of telescopes.The time and amplitude information of each signal are extracted from its recorded waveform.Proton fluxes can be calculated by using the neutron energy spectrum and the cross section of the 1H(n,el)reaction.Using theγ-flash event as the starting time of the time-of-flight(TOF)and the time information of signal in detector as the stopping time,the kinematic energy of each secondary proton can be deduced from the TOF and the angle of the detector.A calibration experiment on three charged particle telescopes,with each telescope consisting of a silicon detector and a CsI(Tl)detector,is carried out on this research platform.The readout methods of the CsI(Tl)detectors in these three telescopes are different.In the calibration experiment,ΔE-E two-dimensional spectra and amplitude-Ep two-dimensional spectra of these telescopes are obtained.Through comparing these particle identification spectra,the SiPM is chosen as the signal readout met

关 键 词：质子标定 探测器 ~1H(n el)反应 反角白光中子源 

分 类 号：O571.53[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] TL81[理学—物理]