论强人工智能体的民事法律地位  

On the Legal Status of Strong Intelligent Robot

作　　者：禤梅玲 XUAN Meiling(Law School, Hainan University, haikou 570228, China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学法学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《广东石油化工学院学报》2021年第2期1-5,共5页Journal of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：海南省教育厅研究生创新科研课题(Hys2019-158)。

摘　　要：强人工智能体的民事法律地位问题是解决其他法律问题的前提。纵观法史,法律主体可以通过“人格加等”或者“人格减等”的方式从“人可非人”转变为“非人可人”。强人工智能体具有享有自由意志的可能,其“理性”与自然人之“理性”相当甚至超过自然人之“理性”。鉴于强人工智能体的特殊性,在保留其部分权利客体属性的情形下通过运用法律拟制的方式赋予其民事法律地位,并明确其享有民事权利能力的起止时间、承担责任范围等。另可构建强制责任保险和赔偿基金制度、“人本原则”的监管体系等配套设施促进强人工智能体在可控的范围内发展。The legal status of strong intelligent robot is the premise to solve other legal problems.Throughout the history of law,the legal subjects can change from“human can be non-human”to“non-human can be human”by“personality plus”or“personality minus”.The strong intelligent robot has the possibility of free will,and its“rationality”is equal to or even more than that of natural person.Based on the particularity of strong intelligent robot,we should keep part of its object attributes in legislation,and use the way of legal simulation to give its civil legal subject status.Through legislation,the starting and ending time and the scope of liability for the capacity of civil rights are defined.In addition,supporting facilities such as the compulsory liability insurance and compensation fund system and the supervision system of“people-oriented principle”can be built to improve the civil subject system of strong intelligent robots.

关 键 词：强人工智能体 权利能力 法律拟制 

分 类 号：D923.29[政治法律—民商法学]