城市污水处理厂进水氨氧化菌对活性污泥系统的季节性影响  

Seasonal Effects of Influent Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants on Activated Sludge System

作　　者：于莉芳[1,2] 汪宇 滑思思 李韧 张兴秀 惠晓飞 YU Li-fang;WANG Yu;HUA Si-si;LI Ren;ZHANG Xing-xiu;HUI Xiao-fei(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第4期1923-1929,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2020JM-474);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019ZDLSF0605)。

摘　　要：为考察进水氨氧化菌(AOB)对活性污泥系统的季节性影响,对未设置初沉池的西安市第二污水处理厂中进水及活性污泥的氨氧化活性及群落结构进行长期调查分析.结果表明,进水及活性污泥的比氨氧化速率(SAUR)分别为0.48~3.02mg·(g·h)^(-1)和0.68~2.25 mg·(g·h)^(-1),相关性分析结果显示进水SAUR与次月活性污泥SAUR高度相关(r=0.862,P<0.05),表明进水硝化菌对活性污泥硝化性能有显著影响.根据硝化活性计算的进水AOB对活性污泥的接种强度为0.21~0.92 g·(g·d)^(-1),因此,在优化活性污泥模型及污水厂设计时,有必要考虑到进水硝化菌的迁移作用.q PCR结果显示,进水及活性污泥中AOB丰度分别为1.32×10^(8)~2.36×10^(9)cells·g^(-1)和1.12×10^(10)~1.19×10^(10)cells·g^(-1),而冬季活性污泥中AOB丰度虽有降低,但仍保持在10^(10)cells·g^(-1),这说明进水硝化菌的迁移能缓解因温度降低而导致的活性污泥硝化菌丰度下降.Illumina Mi Seq测序结果表明,进水和活性污泥中具有共同的优势AOB,分为Nitrosomonas sp.Nm58、Nitrosomonas sp.JL21和bacterium CYCU-0253.The specific ammonia uptake rates(SAUR)and ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB)community of influent sewage and activated sludge in the 2^(nd)wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)of Xi'an without the primary settling tank were analyzed over multiple years to explore the seasonal effects of the influent AOB on the activated sludge systems.During the experiment,the SAUR of the raw sewage and activated sludge were 0.48-3.02 mg·(g·h)^(-1)and 0.68-2.25 mg·(g·h)^(-1),respectively.Meanwhile,the correlation analysis indicated that the monthly SAUR of the raw sewage was highly correlated with that of the activated sludge of the following month(r=0.862,P<0.05),which indicated that influent nitrifiers had a significant effect on the nitrification performance of activated sludge.Considering that the estimated AOB seeding intensities based on the ammonia oxidizing activity were 0.21-0.92 g·(g·d)^(-1),the nitrifier immigration from the raw sewage should added to the design of WWTP and the activated sludge modeling.Moreover,the qPCR results revealed that the AOB abundance of activated sludge in winter decreased but remained at 10^(10)cells·g^(-1),indicating that the immigration of influent nitrifiers could partially compensate for the reduction of the AOB abundance in the activated sludge caused by decreasing temperatures.Finally,the Illumina MiSeq sequencing demonstrated that the shared dominant AOB between the raw sewage and activated sludge were Nitrosomonas sp.Nm58,Nitrosomonas sp.JL21,and bacterium CYCU-0253.These findings can provide theoretical support for the design and operation of a WWTP.

关 键 词：进水硝化菌 城市污水 硝化性能 群落结构 相关性分析 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]