辣椒枯萎病主要致病菌的分离鉴定及农用拮抗菌筛选  

Isolation and Identification of the Main Pathogens Causing Capsicum Wilt and Screening of Agricultural Antagonisms

作　　者：张俊庆 郑安科 高立红 孙亚敏 姜志阳 ZHANG Jun-qing;ZHENG An-ke;GAO Li-hong(Shandong Elephant Research and Development Center,Jining,Shandong 272507)

机构地区：[1]山东土木启研发中心,山东济宁272507 [2]中科院沈阳生态应用研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第8期134-137,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]分离鉴定辣椒枯萎病主要致病菌,探寻能够有效抑制该致病菌的生防菌株。[方法]采用植物病害组织致病菌划线分离方法分离致病菌,经形态学以及ITS区域PCR检测,确定菌株属性,通过平板拮抗筛选,确定对该致病菌具有拮抗作用的农用生防菌株。[结果]初步鉴定该致病菌为尖孢镰刀(Fusarium oxysporum),将该致病菌与11株农用微生物芽孢杆菌和3株农用微生物木霉菌进行拮抗试验,发现枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)、海洋芽孢杆菌(Bacillus marinus)、坚强芽孢杆菌(Bacillus firmus)、甲基营养型芽孢杆菌(Bacillus methylotrophicus)6株芽孢杆菌对该致病菌拮抗效果明显,长枝木霉(Trichoderma longibrachiatum)与哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)2株木霉菌对该致病菌具有明显的拮抗效果。[结论]筛选到了8株能够有效抑制该病原菌的生防菌株,为以后研究生防肥料奠定了基础。[Objective]To isolate and identify the main pathogenic bacteria of pepper fusarium wilt,and to search for biocontrol strains that can effectively inhibit the pathogenic bacteria.[Method]The pathogenic bacteria were separated by streaking and isolation of pathogenic bacteria from plant disease tissues,and the morphology and PCR detection of ITS area were used to determine the attributes of the strains.Through plate antagonistic screening,the agricultural biocontrol strains with antagonistic effects on the pathogens was determined.[Result]The pathogenic bacteria was preliminarily identified as Fusarium oxysporum.The pathogenic bacteria was screened with 11 strains of agricultural microorganisms Bacillus and 3 strains of agricultural microorganisms Trichoderma in antagonistic experiments.It was found that the six strains of Bacillus including Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus thuringiensis,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Bacillus marinus,Bacillus firmus,Bacillus methylotrophicus had obvious antagonistic effect on the pathogenic bacteria,and two strains of Trichoderma including Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Trichoderma harzianum had obvious antagonistic effects on the pathogenic bacteria.[Conclusion]Through this research,8 biocontrol strains that can effectively inhibit the pathogen were screened,which paves the way for studying biocontrol fertilizers.

关 键 词：枯萎病 分离 鉴定 拮抗菌 筛选 

分 类 号：S436.418.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]