鸡粪堆肥周期中养分指标和腐熟程度变化研究  

Dynamics of Nutrient Indexes and Maturity Changes of Chicken Manure Composting

作　　者：徐伟栋 张佳楠[1] 王俊梅[1] 史云飞[1] XU Wei-dong;ZHANG Jia-nan;WANG Jun-mei(College of Natural Resource and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110866)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第8期153-156,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部植物营养与肥料学科群开放基金项目(2014-02)。

摘　　要：为了提高及改善农业废弃物中禽畜粪便和农作物秸秆的资源利用率,采用肉鸡鸡粪和玉米秸秆为原料,同时添加不同发酵剂进行高温好氧堆肥试验。应用物理和化学分析法研究鸡粪高温好氧堆肥过程中堆体温度、pH、C/N,NPK含量、重金属含量等理化指标的变化,以研究在玉米秸秆添加量一定的情况下,发酵剂的有无及不同发酵剂以及翻抛和通气对堆肥腐熟度变化的影响。结果表明,初始堆积物鸡粪与秸秆的C/N达到堆肥发酵最适的C/N后,升温很快,温度最高为60℃,其pH在7.2~8.5,整体上偏弱碱性,呈先下降后上升趋势。发酵剂对堆肥温度变化无明显影响,但添加发酵剂的处理除臭效果显著。鸡粪堆肥原料和工艺复杂,其腐熟度需多种指标参数进行综合判断。In order to improve the resource utilization rate of livestock manure and crop straw in agricultural waste,broiler manure and corn straw were used as raw materials,and different fermentation agents were added to carry out high temperature aerobic composting experiment.The changes of physical and chemical indexes,such as temperature,pH,C/N,NPK content and heavy metal content,were studied by using physical and chemical analysis method,in order to study the influence of the presence of starter,different starter,turning over and ventilation on the change of compost ripening degree under the condition of a certain amount of corn straw.The results showed that when the C/N(C/N)of chicken manure to straw reached the optimal C/N,the temperature was up to 60℃,and the pH was between 7.2 and 8.5.On the whole,it was slightly alkaline and showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.The leavening agent had no obvious effect on the compost temperature,but the deodorization effect was remarkable when the leavening agent was added.The raw materials and technology of chicken manure composting were complex,and the degree of composting should be comprehensively judged by various indexes and parameters.

关 键 词：鸡粪 堆肥 养分 腐熟度 环境 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]