不同覆盖材料对‘沙田柚’果实品质及果园土壤细菌类型的影响  

Effects of different film mulching materials on fruit quality and soil properties of‘Shatian pomelo’orchard

作　　者：崔学宇 李静 彭玉娇 崔婷婷 张丽红 赵婷婷 侯彦林 贾书刚 CUI Xueyu;LI Jing;PENG Yujiao;CUI Tingting;ZHANG Lihong;ZHAO Tingting;HOU Yanlin;JIA Shugang(Guangxi Geographical Indication Crops Research Center of Big Data Mining and Experimental Engineering Technology,Nanning Normal University,Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education,Nanning Normal University,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation,Nanning Normal University,Guangxi 530001)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学广西地标作物大数据工程技术研究中心,南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南宁师范大学广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室,广西530001

出　　处：《中国果树》2021年第3期33-38,50,共7页China Fruits

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204077);广西一流学科(地理学2019)建设项目;北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室系统基金(GTEU-KLOP-X1820、GTEU-KLOP-X1819);南宁师范大学大学生创新创业计划项目(2020)。

摘　　要：在‘沙田柚’成熟前期进行地膜(反光地膜、防水透气地膜、透明塑料地膜)覆盖处理,分析不同覆盖材料处理对其果实品质和果园土壤细菌类型、理化性质的影响。结果表明:反光地膜和防水透气地膜覆盖处理可提高‘沙田柚’果实蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、可溶性固形物、柠檬酸含量,降低苹果酸、抗坏血酸含量,透明塑料地膜处理的各指标与对照均无显著差异。采用高通量测序法对土壤细菌进行测序,获得OTUs总数目为21393个,至少涵盖了38门48纲109目205科428属278种的细菌;在细菌门分类水平,变形菌门和放线菌门是各处理的优势菌门,地膜覆盖提高了放线菌门、蓝藻门的相对丰度,降低了厚壁菌门的相对丰度。对土壤理化性质分析发现,透明塑料地膜和防水透气地膜处理提高了土壤含水量,反光地膜和防水透气地膜处理降低了土壤有机质、无机磷、有效钾含量。综上,果实成熟前覆盖反光地膜和防水透气地膜可以改善‘沙田柚’的果实品质;地膜覆盖处理改变了‘沙田柚’园土壤细菌多样性、群落结构和土壤的理化性质,地膜覆盖具有改善‘沙田柚’果实品质和土壤的应用潜力。In the early stage of maturity,‘Shatian pomelo’was covered with plastic film(reflective plastic film,waterproof and breathable plastic film,transparent plastic film)to analyze the effects of different mulch treatment on fruit quality,soil bacteria types and physicochemical properties of orchard.The result indicated that the contents of sucrose,glucose,fructose,soluble solid and citric acid in the fruit of‘Shatian Pomelo’can be increased by the treatment of reflective plastic film and waterproof breathable plastic film,while the contents of malic acid and ascorbic acid can be reduced.However,there was no significant difference between transparent plastic film treatment and control.At the level of phylum,Protecobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant phylum in each treatment,and the plastic film treatment could improve the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria and reduce the relative abundance of Firmicutes.In addition to this,the physical and chemical properties of soil showed that the treatment of transparent plastic mulching and waterproof breathable plastic mulching increased the soil moisture content,while reflective plastic and waterproof breathable plastic mulching reduced the contents of organic matter,inorganic phosphorus and available potassium.In conclusion,the fruit quality of‘Shatian pomelo’can be improved by covering with reflective plastic film and waterproof and breathable plastic film before ripening.Furthermore,the soil bacterial diversity,community structure and physical-chemical properties of‘Shatian pomelo’garden were changed by mulching treatment.Thus,the mulching treatment had potential to improve the fruit quality and soil application of‘Shatian pomelo’orchard.

关 键 词：‘沙田柚’ 土壤细菌 高通量测序 果实品质 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]