母牛安静发情鉴定技术概况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Identification Technology and Influence Factors on Silent Estrus of Cows

作　　者：周正义 田莉[3] 田宏志 李茹意 段晨莹 OBIANWUNA Uchechukwu Edna 吕丽华 王栋[1] ZHOU Zhengyi;TIAN Li;TIAN Hongzhi;LI Ruyi;DUAN Chenying;OBIANWUNA Uchechukwu Edna;Lü Lihua;WANG Dong(Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;National Animal Husbandry Service,Beijing 100125,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]山西农业大学动物科学学院,太谷030801 [3]全国畜牧总站,北京100125 [4]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,长春130118

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2021年第4期862-871,共10页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(BAIC06-2020)。

摘　　要：安静发情母牛无明显发情行为,但具有正常卵泡发育、排卵过程,尚无理想的发情鉴定方法,常常错过人工输精最佳时机,导致产犊间隔延长,饲养成本增加。为此,本文综述了安静发情的鉴定方法概况及母牛安静发情的可能诱因。并指出,科学的管理及合理的营养可尽量减少母牛安静发情。此外,深入挖掘粪便、尿液、乳汁等发情标志物,研究其化合物在发情周期中的变化规律,并借助物联网、生物信息等技术,研发更精准、高效的发情鉴定技术,就有可能彻底突破安静发情鉴定技术瓶颈。Although cows in silent estrus don’t show overt estrus behaviors,the normal follicular development and ovulation process can also be detected.The cows in silent estrus often miss the best opportunity for artificial insemination since no ideal oestrous identification method,which leads to a longer calving interval and the increase of feeding cost.Therefore,the identification method and the possible causes of silent estrus in cows were reviewed.It was pointed out that scientific management and reasonable nutrition could decrease the occurrence of silent estrus in cows.In addition,the estrus markers in feces,urine and milk should be given an deep study to understand the various physiological changes during the oestrous cycle,combining these physiological parameters and the internet,bioinformatics and other technologies,which will enable us to develop more accurate and efficient estrus detection technology,and thoroughly overcome the technical bottleneck of silent estrus identification.

关 键 词：安静发情 发情检测 卵泡发育 母牛 

分 类 号：S814.1[农业科学—畜牧学]