一份水稻长穗突变体的鉴定及相关生理特性分析  

Identification of Long-panicle Rice(Oryza sativa)Mutant and Physiological Characteristics Analysis

作　　者：文欢 蒋丹 南文斌 梁永书[1,2] 张汉马 秦小健 WEN Huan;JIANG Dan;NAN Wen-bin;LIANG Yong-shu;ZHANG Han-ma;QIN Xiao-jian(College of Life Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Plants Environmental Adaptations,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆市植物环境适应分子生物学重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第3期461-468,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31800238);重庆市自然科学基金(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0224);国家重点研发计划(2016YF D0100706)。

摘　　要：【目的】穗型是影响水稻产量形成的因素之一,通过分析和研究长穗水稻材料的各项生理生化指标,挖掘优良的水稻种质资源,为后续水稻穗长相关基因的定位与克隆奠定基础,同时也为水稻分子遗传育种改良提供指导。【方法】本研究围绕一份前期获得的长穗水稻材料展开,统计和分析了长穗材料的相关农艺性状,并对该材料在幼苗期和成熟期的6个生理生化指标进行了测定和分析,分别为:蒽酮比色法测定可溶性糖含量、考马斯亮蓝G250法测定可溶性蛋白含量、氮蓝四唑(NBT)还原法测定超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)含量、硫代巴比妥酸(Thiobarbituric acid,TBA)法测定丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量、乙醇浸提法测定叶绿素含量、酸性茚三酮法测定脯氨酸含量。【结果】与常规水稻品种9311相比较,长穗材料的穗长显著高于常规品种9311,而且还具有二次枝梗数、每穗粒数多的特点;但是长穗材料在千粒重与结实率方面均比较低,其中千粒重呈现出显著性差异,在单株产量方面长穗材料比9311高但未达到显著差异水平。通过分析叶绿素含量,发现长穗材料幼苗期茎和成熟茎、叶中的含量高于9311,而9311幼苗期叶中的含量高于长穗材料,其中成熟期茎中的含量存在显著性差异。另外,9311幼苗期根和成熟期茎中的丙二醛(MDA)含量高于长穗材料,而长穗材料成熟期叶中的含量高于9311,其中成熟期叶中存在显著差异;在超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性方面,9311成熟期叶中的含量高于长穗材料,长穗材料幼苗期根茎中的含量高于9311,其中成熟期叶和幼苗期茎中的含量存在显著差异。进一步通过测定脯氨酸含量,发现9311成熟期根、叶中的含量显著高于长穗材料,而长穗材料幼苗期根、茎中的含量高于9311且呈显著差异;对于可溶性糖含量,9311成熟期茎中含量高于长穗,长穗材料成熟期根、叶和�【Objective】Panicle shape is one of the factors affecting rice yield.By analyzing and studying various physiological and biochemical indexes of long-panicle rice materials,the excellent rice germplasm resource can be dug out,which lay a foundation for the localization and cloning of genes related to panicle length and provides guidance for the improvement of rice molecular genetics and breeding.【Method】This study focused on a long-panicle rice,and their agronomic traits and the six physiological and biochemical indexes in the seedling and mature stage were analyzed,respectively.Methods were described as below:Anthrone colorimetry to determine soluble sugar content,coomassie brilliant blue G250 for soluble protein content,nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT)reduction for superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,the content of malondiadedehyde(MDA)determined by TBA,the content of chlorophyll determined by ethanol extraction and the content of proline determined by acid ninhydrin.【Result】The panicle length of long-panicle material was significantly higher than that of conventional rice variety 9311.However,the long-panicle materials were relatively low in 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate,among which the 1000-grain weight presented significant difference.For the yield per plant,the long-panicle materials were higher than 9311 but did not reach significant difference level.By analyzing chlorophyll content,it was found that the content in the seedling stage,mature stem and leaf of the long-panicle material were higher than that in 9311,while the content in the leaf of the seedling stage of 9311 was higher than that in the long-panicle material,and the content in the mature stage of the stalk was significantly different.In addition,the malondialdehyde(MDA)contents in roots and mature stems of 9311 seedling stage were higher than that in panicle material,while that in leaves of panicle material at maturity stage was higher than that in leaves of panicle material at maturity stage.In terms of superoxide dismutase(SOD)act

关 键 词：水稻 产量 穗长 生理指标 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]