Dicamba对高粱成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及继代的影响  

Effect of Dicamba on Callus Induction and Subculture of Sorghum Mature Embryo

作　　者：郝曜山[1] 王晓清[1] 王亦学[1] 张欢欢[1] 杜建中[1] 孙毅[1] HAO Yao-shan;WANG Xiao-qing;WANG Yi-xue;ZHANG Huan-huan;DU Jian-zhong;SUN Yi(Biotechnology Research Center,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanxi Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,山西太原030031

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第3期478-486,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院科技创新研究课题(YCX2018D2Y S07);山西省重点实验室开放课题(2015K-01);转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2016ZX08003-001)。

摘　　要：【目的】高粱是遗传转化最困难的作物之一,主要原因是由于高粱组织培养愈伤诱导及再生频率较低,高效再生体系建立比较困难,研究并使用新的植物诱导激素是改变这一困境的重要手段。【方法】以4个基因型的高粱种子(成熟胚)为外植体,高粱组织培养常用的诱导激素2,4-D为对照,研究Dicamba对高粱愈伤组织诱导、继代及愈伤组织再生质量的影响,经过统计分析,建立并优化高粱组培再生体系。【结果】高粱各基因型在不同浓度Dicamba的诱导培养基上出愈率在24.7%~90.7%,不同浓度的2,4-D诱导培养基上,出愈率为72.5%~90.5%,最高出愈率为88BP28,在Dicamb 7.5 mg·L^(-1)达到90.7%,2,4-D在2.5 mg·L^(-1)时达到90.5%;继代培养与初代诱导培养比较,各基因型材料的褐变率均随着继代次数的增加而增加。Is-623在继代培养中,Ⅰ型愈伤组织向Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型愈伤组织转变的E值最高,达到20.1%;4种基因型以5 mg·L^(-1)Dicamba诱导的Is-623胚性愈伤率最高,达20.7%;不同处理中,所有基因型材料U值均在60%~100%。【结论】利用Dicamba对高粱成熟胚进行初代愈伤组织诱导,出愈率与2,4-D诱导差异不显著,在继代培养及胚性愈伤组织分化试验中,Dicamba作为激素更有利于Ⅱ型愈伤组织及胚性愈伤组织的形成,其效果优于2,4-D;高粱成熟胚诱导愈伤组织及胚性愈伤组织的发生受基因型影响较大,材料Is-623在Dicamba 5 mg·L^(-1)时比其它材料的胚性愈伤发生率高,且褐化率及死亡率均较低;证实了高粱成熟胚胚性愈伤组织的形成绝大多数来自Ⅱ型愈伤组织。【Objective】Sorghum is one of the most difficult crops for genetic transformation mainly due to the low frequency of callus induction and regeneration in tissue culture of sorghum,and it is difficult to establish an efficient regeneration system.Studying and using f new plant-induced hormone is an important means to change this dilemma.【Method】Sorghum seeds(mature embryos)of four genotypes were used as explants,and 2,4-D,the commonly used induction hormone in sorghum tissue culture was used as control to study the effects of Dicamba on callus induction,subculture and callus regeneration quality of sorghum.After statistical analysis,the regeneration system of sorghum tissue culture was established and optimized.【Result】The callus rates of sorghum genotypes were 24.7%-90.7%on the induction medium with different concentrations of Dicamba.On the induction medium with different concentrations of 2,4-D,the callus rates were 72.5%-90.5%,and the highest callus rate was 88 BP28 at 7.5 mg·L^(-1) Dicamb,and 90.5%at 2.5 mg·L^(-1)12,4-D.Compared with primary induction culture,the browning rates of all genotypes increased with the increase of subculture times.In the subculture of Is-623,the E value of transformation from type Ⅰ callus to type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ callus was the highest,reaching 20.1%;The highest embryogenic callus rate of Is-623 was induced by 5 mg·L^(-1) Dicamba,reaching 20.7%.In different treatments,the U values of all genotypes were 60%-100%.【Conclusion】Dicamba was used to induce the primary callus of mature embryos of sorghum,and the callus induction rate was not significantly different from 2,4-D induction.In the subculture and embryogenic callus differentiation experiments,Dicamba as a hormone was more conducive to the formation of type II callus and embryogenic callus,and its effect was better than 2,4-D;The occurrence of mature embryo-induced callus and embryogenic callus of sorghum was greatly affected by genotype.The incidence of embryogenic callus of Is-623 was higher than that of ot

关 键 词：高粱 成熟胚 麦草畏 愈伤组织 诱导 继代 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]